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旧约 - 列王记下(2 Kings)第18章

In the third year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, Hezekiah son of Ahaz king of Judah began to reign.
He was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-nine years. His mother's name was Abijah daughter of Zechariah.
He did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father David had done.
He removed the high places, smashed the sacred stones and cut down the Asherah poles. He broke into pieces the bronze snake Moses had made, for up to that time the Israelites had been burning incense to it. (It was called Nehushtan.)
Hezekiah trusted in the LORD, the God of Israel. There was no one like him among all the kings of Judah, either before him or after him.
He held fast to the LORD and did not cease to follow him; he kept the commands the LORD had given Moses.
And the LORD was with him; he was successful in whatever he undertook. He rebelled against the king of Assyria and did not serve him.
From watchtower to fortified city, he defeated the Philistines, as far as Gaza and its territory.
In King Hezekiah's fourth year, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, Shalmaneser king of Assyria marched against Samaria and laid siege to it.
At the end of three years the Assyrians took it. So Samaria was captured in Hezekiah's sixth year, which was the ninth year of Hoshea king of Israel.
The king of Assyria deported Israel to Assyria and settled them in Halah, in Gozan on the Habor River and in towns of the Medes.
This happened because they had not obeyed the LORD their God, but had violated his covenant--all that Moses the servant of the LORD commanded. They neither listened to the commands nor carried them out.
In the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah's reign, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked all the fortified cities of Judah and captured them.
So Hezekiah king of Judah sent this message to the king of Assyria at Lachish: "I have done wrong. Withdraw from me, and I will pay whatever you demand of me." The king of Assyria exacted from Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold.
So Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found in the temple of the LORD and in the treasuries of the royal palace.
At this time Hezekiah king of Judah stripped off the gold with which he had covered the doors and doorposts of the temple of the LORD, and gave it to the king of Assyria.
The king of Assyria sent his supreme commander, his chief officer and his field commander with a large army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. They came up to Jerusalem and stopped at the aqueduct of the Upper Pool, on the road to the Washerman's Field.
They called for the king; and Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebna the secretary, and Joah son of Asaph the recorder went out to them.
The field commander said to them, "Tell Hezekiah: "'This is what the great king, the king of Assyria, says: On what are you basing this confidence of yours?
You say you have strategy and military strength--but you speak only empty words. On whom are you depending, that you rebel against me?
Look now, you are depending on Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff, which pierces a man's hand and wounds him if he leans on it! Such is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who depend on him.
And if you say to me, "We are depending on the LORD our God"--isn't he the one whose high places and altars Hezekiah removed, saying to Judah and Jerusalem, "You must worship before this altar in Jerusalem"?
"'Come now, make a bargain with my master, the king of Assyria: I will give you two thousand horses--if you can put riders on them!
How can you repulse one officer of the least of my master's officials, even though you are depending on Egypt for chariots and horsemen?
Furthermore, have I come to attack and destroy this place without word from the LORD? The LORD himself told me to march against this country and destroy it.'"
Then Eliakim son of Hilkiah, and Shebna and Joah said to the field commander, "Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, since we understand it. Don't speak to us in Hebrew in the hearing of the people on the wall."
But the commander replied, "Was it only to your master and you that my master sent me to say these things, and not to the men sitting on the wall--who, like you, will have to eat their own filth and drink their own urine?"
Then the commander stood and called out in Hebrew: "Hear the word of the great king, the king of Assyria!
This is what the king says: Do not let Hezekiah deceive you. He cannot deliver you from my hand.
Do not let Hezekiah persuade you to trust in the LORD when he says, 'The LORD will surely deliver us; this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.'
"Do not listen to Hezekiah. This is what the king of Assyria says: Make peace with me and come out to me. Then every one of you will eat from his own vine and fig tree and drink water from his own cistern,
until I come and take you to a land like your own, a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards, a land of olive trees and honey. Choose life and not death! "Do not listen to Hezekiah, for he is misleading you when he says, 'The LORD will deliver us.'
Has the god of any nation ever delivered his land from the hand of the king of Assyria?
Where are the gods of Hamath and Arpad? Where are the gods of Sepharvaim, Hena and Ivvah? Have they rescued Samaria from my hand?
Who of all the gods of these countries has been able to save his land from me? How then can the LORD deliver Jerusalem from my hand?"
But the people remained silent and said nothing in reply, because the king had commanded, "Do not answer him."
Then Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebna the secretary and Joah son of Asaph the recorder went to Hezekiah, with their clothes torn, and told him what the field commander had said.
列王纪下第十八章   第 18 章 

  王下 18:4> 怎样看待敬拜时所用的器物,和有象征意义的纪念品? 

  18:4 神曾吩咐摩西造铜蛇,本来是用以医治被火蛇咬伤的以色列人(参民 21:4-9 )。这显明神在人中间有大能,提醒他们记住祂的怜悯与赦免。但以色列人竟把它看作敬拜的对象,而不是追忆当受敬拜的那一位神,所以希西家不得不将它打碎。我们必须留意,切勿将帮助敬拜的器物当作受敬拜者本身。大多数器物皆不是造来作偶像的,它们之所以成为偶像,全因为人误用它们。 

  王下 18:5> “在他前后的犹大列王中没有一个及他的”指的是什么? 

  18:5 “没有一个及他的……”希西家和他的父亲亚哈斯有天渊之别,他紧紧跟从神,比犹大或以色列所有的君王都忠心。这句话指国家分裂后的诸王,不包括大卫。 

  18:7 犹大处于列强夹缝之中。埃及与亚述两国都想控制犹大与以色列,因为他们位于古代近东贸易的主要通道上。能控制犹大的国家,就占有了军事和经济上的优势。希西家作王的时候,亚述控制了犹大。他的父亲亚哈斯臣服于这强大帝国,希西家却照神的旨意英勇地对抗亚述。他信靠神的能力,不靠自己的力量。从人的眼光看来,他这样行虽然充满障碍危险,但他却甘愿顺服神的命令。 

  王下 18:9-12> 怎样借鉴,关系到怎样更新,希西家目睹了北国的结局…… 

  18:9-12 这几节重提以色列覆灭的历史。希西家与父亲亚哈斯共同作王十四年(公元前 729-715 ),他自己作王十八年(公元前 715-697 ),与他儿子玛拿西共同作王十一年(公元前 697-686 ),总共四十三年。十八章第二节所说的,他作王二十九年,仅指他一人掌管全国的年数。他在位的时候,北国以色列已经被消灭了(公元前 722 年)。以色列的结局,可能促使了他在国内实施改革。(有关希西家的详情,请参代下 29-32 章;赛 36-39 章。) 

  希西家 

  王下 18:13> 亚述王上来攻击犹大!何解? 

  18:13 事情发生于公元前 701 年,那是西拿基立作亚述王的第四年。他的父亲撒珥根二世将以色列的人民掳去(参 17:3 的注释);南国犹大为免受他的攻击,就每年进贡。西拿基立作王时,希西家不再给他进贡,并期望亚述能容忍,但西拿基立率领军队前来进攻,对他们实施报复。希西家看出自己的不智,遂向他进贡( 18:14 ),西拿基立仍然攻打他( 18:19-37 )。幸好西拿基立不像以前的亚述诸王那么好战,他喜欢花较多时间建造美化京城尼尼微。他既不常常动武,希西家就可以实施多项改革,以巩固国防。 

  王下 18:17> 他珥探、拉伯撒利和拉伯沙基是些什么人? 

  18:17 西拿基立派最高级军政人员在阵前劝话,就类似于派副总统、国务院总理、三军总司令去向对方招降。他派这些人去向犹大人耀武扬威以挫其锐气。──《灵修版圣经注释》