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新约 - 希伯来书(Hebrews)第9章

Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary.
For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread; which is called the sanctuary.
And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all;
Which had the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot that had manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant;
And over it the cherubims of glory shadowing the mercyseat; of which we cannot now speak particularly.
Now when these things were thus ordained, the priests went always into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the service of God.
But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people:
The Holy Ghost this signifying, that the way into the holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the first tabernacle was yet standing:
Which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that did the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience;
Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers washings, and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until the time of reformation.
But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building;
Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.
For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh:
How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.
For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator.
For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all while the testator liveth.
Whereupon neither the first testament was dedicated without blood.
For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people,
Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you.
Moreover he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry.
And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission.
It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.
For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us:
Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others;
For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.
And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment:
So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.
希伯来书第九章   新的约和旧的约 

  来 9:1> 9:1 “圣幕”是指神晓谕摩西设立的会幕(参出 36-40 章)。 

  来 9:5> 9:5 “基路伯”是大能的天使。 

  来 9:6-8> 大祭司、至圣所,二者的关系可大呢!…… 

  9:6-8 大祭司可以在每年一次的赎罪日,进到会幕最内部的至圣所,为全体百姓赎罪。至圣所是一所小房间,其中放置着约柜。约柜是一个包金的柜子,里面放着刻了十诫的石版、一罐吗哪和亚伦发过芽的手杖。约柜顶部放有“施恩座”,在赎罪日,大祭司将祭牲的血弹在施恩座前(参利 16 章)。对以色列人来说,至圣所是地上最圣洁之处,只有大祭司才能进去,其他祭司和普通百姓均不得进入,他们只有藉大祭司才能朝见神,大祭司献上祭牲,以动物的血先为自己赎罪,再为百姓赎罪( 10:19 )。 

  来 9:10> 9:10 犹太人一直持守旧约中各样饮食和洁净的礼仪,直至基督带来神更新更好的方法。 

  来 9:12> 我们是被买赎回来的──谁甘心这样做?从哪儿赎? 

  9:12 这节的意象来自赎罪日的礼仪(参利 16 章),“赎”指为释放奴隶而付出代价的过程。基督的死使我们永远脱离罪的奴役。 

  来 9:12-14> 成圣──不足?是的,我们是;有罪之身怎得洁净?我怕…… 

  9:12-14 虽然你认识基督,却仍需努力为善,以讨神的喜悦。规条和宗教礼仪并不能洁净人心,只有靠着耶稣的宝血:( 1 )我们的良心才得以洁净;( 2 )我们才不受死亡辖制,可以为事奉主而活;( 3 )不再受罪所辖制。你是否因为表现不够好而有罪咎感?那你就要重新看清楚耶稣的死对你的意义。基督能医治你的良心,将你从这挣扎中拯救出来。 

  来 9:13-14> 心之洁净靠耶稣──只要你愿意,真的…… 

  9:13-14 根据旧约律法,人献动物为祭时,神就在礼仪上洁净了人的罪。但基督的牺牲能改变我们的生命和内心,使我们的内心也洁净。祂的牺牲,比动物祭牲有效得多。不要因为我们的罪和软弱,拦阻了祂的赦免。 

  来 9:15> 基督是新约的人物,何竟可以赎前约时的人? 

  9:15 虽然基督的救恩在旧约时代仍未出现,但当时的人也是靠基督的牺牲而得救的,他们献上无瑕疵的祭牲,期待基督的降临。现在如果再重拾这个献祭的制度就毫无意义了,因为基督已经降临,为我们的罪受死,作了最后最完美的祭物。为何还要期待已经发生的事再发生呢? 

  来 9:22> 宝血一流,罪就赦了;血若不流……为何定要流血呢? 

  9:22 为什么赦罪需要流血呢?这并非如某些人所误会,认为神嗜血才立下这规定。血是生命的最佳代表,血令我们存活,耶稣为我们的罪流出宝血,舍弃生命,使我们不致经历灵命的死亡,永远与神隔绝。耶稣是生命的源头,不是死亡的源头,祂舍弃自己的生命来使我们存活,为我们流出宝血,又从坟墓里复活,战胜了罪恶与死亡。 

  来 9:23> 天上的本物,更美的祭物,这是指…… 

  9:23 地上的会幕反映和象征天堂的实体,虽然我们不能完全理解,但事实就是这样。天上的洁净被理解为指基督在天上为我们所做的属灵工作(参 8:5 注释)。 

  来 9:24> 基督为我们所做的事真多──至于我为基督所做的事嘛…… 

  9:24 在不熟悉的概念中,如祭司、会幕、祭牲等,我们看到有关基督是我们中保的描述,使我们从中获得鼓励。基督与我们同在,在神面前代表我们;基督又是我们的救主,不但印证神赦免我们的罪,也为我们的需要向神祈求,把我们的事奉当作祭物献给神( 7:25 )。 

  来 9:24-28> 按着命定,人人都有一死──圣经不是说我有永生? 

  9:24-28 每个人的肉体都会死亡,但基督的死却使我们的灵魂不至灭亡,我们可以全然相信,祂的救赎工作可以把我们过去、现在、未来的罪抹去:祂死在十字架上,一次为众人献上自己,祂已经赦免了我们过去的罪( 9:26 );又赐下圣灵帮助我们面对现在的罪,如今祂在天上作我们的大祭司( 9:24 );并应许再来( 9:28 ),将我们带到没有罪恶的世界里得享永生。 

  来 9:26> 神子降,神子死,罪人得生命;主再来?你我何时见主面? 

  9:26 基督为成就旧约的预言,降临世上,带来恩典和宽恕的新纪元。我们仍然活在“末世”,主的日子已经开始,直到基督再来的时候才结束,“末世”就是祂两次临世期间的日子。 ──《灵修版圣经注释》