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旧约 - 撒母耳记上(1 Samuel)第21章

Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest: and Ahimelech was afraid at the meeting of David, and said unto him, Why art thou alone, and no man with thee?
And David said unto Ahimelech the priest, The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know any thing of the business whereabout I send thee, and what I have commanded thee: and I have appointed my servants to such and such a place.
Now therefore what is under thine hand? give me five loaves of bread in mine hand, or what there is present.
And the priest answered David, and said, There is no common bread under mine hand, but there is hallowed bread; if the young men have kept themselves at least from women.
And David answered the priest, and said unto him, Of a truth women have been kept from us about these three days, since I came out, and the vessels of the young men are holy, and the bread is in a manner common, yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel.
So the priest gave him hallowed bread: for there was no bread there but the shewbread, that was taken from before the LORD, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away.
Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul.
And David said unto Ahimelech, And is there not here under thine hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king's business required haste.
And the priest said, The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the valley of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod: if thou wilt take that, take it: for there is no other save that here. And David said, There is none like that; give it me.
And David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath.
And the servants of Achish said unto him, Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands?
And David laid up these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath.
And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.
Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me?
Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?
撒母耳记上第廿一章   第 21 章 

  撒上 21:1-7> 祭司将圣饼给大卫吃,不是违反了律法吗? 

  21:1-7 圣经在这里第一次提到祭司亚希米勒。他可能是 14 章 3 节和第 8 节所提到的亚希亚,或者是他的继任者。不管是谁,总之他不拘泥于律法,将圣饼给大卫吃了,那饼本来只应当给祭司吃(参利 24:5-9 )。亚希米勒看大卫的需要与生命重于宗教礼仪,将圣饼给他吃。这事证明了爱人是更高的律法(参利 19:18 )。许多世纪以后,主耶稣引述这件事,说明履行神的律法不可不要同情心。救命与行善乃是神更大的律法(参太 12:1-8 ;路 6:1-5 )。 

  撒上 21:2> 为保护自己或他人而撒谎,也是罪吗? 

  21:2 大卫为躲避扫罗而撒谎。有些人宽恕他这种行为,认为在争战之中,正义的军人可以如此保护自己。但是在圣经上并没有同情大卫撒谎的文字。相反的,因他撒谎,死了八十五个祭司( 22:9-19 )。他这一点谎言似乎无伤大雅,想不到却会产生悲剧。圣经讲得很清楚,撒谎是错的(参利 19:11 ),在神眼中,撒谎和别的罪一样,会产生好些苦果。不要轻看罪,或将罪分等级,不管我们能否预见后果,都应当拒绝罪。 

  撒上 21:5> 少年人的器皿,是指── 

  21:5 大卫说少年人的器皿,指少年人的身体在礼仪上是洁净的,因为他们在行路的时候,没有亲近妇女与之行房。所以祭司准许他们吃圣饼。 

  撒上 21:6> 十二个陈设饼代表什么? 

  21:6 每礼拜的安息日祭司进入会幕的圣所,将新烤的十二个饼放在桌子上,称之为陈设饼,象征神亲自在人民中间,正如祂的慈爱眷顾,供给他们肉体的需要一样。被换下来的饼,只有在职的祭司才可以吃。 

  撒上 21:9> 这把战利品的刀竟然在这里…… 

  21:9 以弗得是祭司所穿的背心(参 2:18 的第二项注释)。大卫不知道他杀歌利亚的刀被放在以弗得后面,可能因为他夺了那刀杀死巨人时还年轻,后来又回家住了很长时间。 

  撒上 21:10-15> 迦特是什么人的地方?他们与大卫的关系如何? 

  21:10-15 迦特是非利士人的五个主要城市之一。非利士人为什么接待宿敌大卫来到营中呢?他们可能喜欢收留对方变节的高级军事领袖,来对付仇敌扫罗,却不知道大卫已经受膏要作以色列下一任的王( 16:13 )。但是,他们不久就疑忌大卫,何况他曾杀死他们成千上万的同胞( 18:7 )。大卫最终要装疯自保,因为他们的习俗是不伤害精神不健全的人。──《灵修版圣经注释》