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新约 - 路加福音(Luke)第20章

One day as he was teaching the people in the temple courts and preaching the gospel, the chief priests and the teachers of the law, together with the elders, came up to him.
"Tell us by what authority you are doing these things," they said. "Who gave you this authority?"
He replied, "I will also ask you a question. Tell me,
John's baptism--was it from heaven, or from men?"
They discussed it among themselves and said, "If we say, 'From heaven,' he will ask, 'Why didn't you believe him?'
But if we say, 'From men,' all the people will stone us, because they are persuaded that John was a prophet."
So they answered, "We don't know where it was from."
Jesus said, "Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things."
He went on to tell the people this parable: "A man planted a vineyard, rented it to some farmers and went away for a long time.
At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants so they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed.
He sent another servant, but that one also they beat and treated shamefully and sent away empty-handed.
He sent still a third, and they wounded him and threw him out.
"Then the owner of the vineyard said, 'What shall I do? I will send my son, whom I love; perhaps they will respect him.'
"But when the tenants saw him, they talked the matter over. 'This is the heir,' they said. 'Let's kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.'
So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. "What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them?
He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others." When the people heard this, they said, "May this never be!"
Jesus looked directly at them and asked, "Then what is the meaning of that which is written: "'The stone the builders rejected has become the capstone'?
Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, but he on whom it falls will be crushed."
The teachers of the law and the chief priests looked for a way to arrest him immediately, because they knew he had spoken this parable against them. But they were afraid of the people.
Keeping a close watch on him, they sent spies, who pretended to be honest. They hoped to catch Jesus in something he said so that they might hand him over to the power and authority of the governor.
So the spies questioned him: "Teacher, we know that you speak and teach what is right, and that you do not show partiality but teach the way of God in accordance with the truth.
Is it right for us to pay taxes to Caesar or not?"
He saw through their duplicity and said to them,
"Show me a denarius. Whose portrait and inscription are on it?"
"Caesar's," they replied. He said to them, "Then give to Caesar what is Caesar's, and to God what is God's."
They were unable to trap him in what he had said there in public. And astonished by his answer, they became silent.
Some of the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to Jesus with a question.
"Teacher," they said, "Moses wrote for us that if a man's brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and have children for his brother.
Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a woman and died childless.
The second
and then the third married her, and in the same way the seven died, leaving no children.
Finally, the woman died too.
Now then, at the resurrection whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?"
Jesus replied, "The people of this age marry and are given in marriage.
But those who are considered worthy of taking part in that age and in the resurrection from the dead will neither marry nor be given in marriage,
and they can no longer die; for they are like the angels. They are God's children, since they are children of the resurrection.
But in the account of the bush, even Moses showed that the dead rise, for he calls the Lord 'the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.'
He is not the God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive."
Some of the teachers of the law responded, "Well said, teacher!"
And no one dared to ask him any more questions.
Then Jesus said to them, "How is it that they say the Christ is the Son of David?
David himself declares in the Book of Psalms: "'The Lord said to my Lord: "Sit at my right hand
until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet." '
David calls him 'Lord.' How then can he be his son?"
While all the people were listening, Jesus said to his disciples,
"Beware of the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and love to be greeted in the marketplaces and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.
They devour widows' houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. Such men will be punished most severely."
路加福音第二十章   第 20 章 

  路 20:1-8> 那些宗教领袖真的那么好学? 

  20:1-8 这群宗教领袖想除掉耶稣,所以企图用问题来陷害耶稣。假如耶稣回答说祂的权力从神而来,就是公开声称自己是弥赛亚、是神的儿子,他们就可以控告祂亵渎神,把祂带去受审。耶稣没陷入他们的圈套,相反,祂反问他们,揭露他们的阴谋。 

  路 20:9-16> 耶稣说主人要来除灭那些园户,众人却说万不可,难道他们知道自己就是园户? 

  20:9-16 这故事中的人物各有所指,就是宗教领袖也不难明白。园主就是神,葡萄园就是以色列,农工就是宗教领袖,园主的仆人就是神派到以色列去谴责他们罪的先知,儿子就是弥赛亚耶稣,别人就是外邦人。耶稣的比喻间接回答了宗教领袖关于祂的权力的问题,同时这个比喻也显明祂知道他们要杀害祂的计划。 

  路 20:17-19> 耶稣预言的,在宗教领袖身上应验了;若你也丢弃了耶稣,你想…… 

  20:17-19 耶稣引用诗篇 118 篇 22 节,告诉那些不信的宗教领袖,圣经早已预言他们会拒绝弥赛亚。丢弃这块房角石的人是很危险的,他将要被砸得稀烂(受审判和刑罚)。虽然耶稣很清楚地提出警告,他们却没有认真思考,只想立刻下手捉拿祂。 

  路 20:21> 恭维赞美,人心享受,人的谄媚,可以不跌进其陷阱吗? 

  20:21 这些密探装作老实人,在问耶稣一条狡诈的问题前,首先谄媚奉承祂,以便乘祂不备,好抓祂的把柄。但耶稣知道他们的企图,没有跌进他们的陷阱中。要小心防范恭维的话,靠着神的帮助,你便察觉到它,并且能避开它。 

  路 20:22> 你要知道耶稣有多少智慧?请看祂如何回答…… 

  20:22 这是一条别有用心的问题。犹太人恨恶要纳税支持异教的罗马政府和他们的神只;他们也憎恶这个容许税官收取过高的税、把多出来的留给自己的制度。若耶稣说应该缴税,他们会说他是卖国贼,是宗教的叛徒。但假如耶稣说不该缴税,他们就可以向罗马政府告祂造反。问耶稣问题的人以为他们这次必定抓到祂的把柄了,不过这次耶稣又比他们更有智慧。 

  路 20:27-38> 撒都该人明明不信复活,为何拿此问耶稣? 

  20:27-38 撒都该人是一群保守的宗教领袖,只接受摩西五经(创世记至申命记)为圣经,不相信有死人复活的事。他们也来试试捉弄耶稣,他们所问的复活问题,曾经叫法利赛人感到为难。耶稣就根据他们敬重的权威摩西的话,来回答他们关于复活的真正意义。 

  路 20:34-35> 撒都该人也许不是真想知道复活的事,可我真想知道…… 

  20:34-35 耶稣不是说在天堂人们不认得自己的伴侣,只是说人们不应该以为天堂是现在生活的延伸,我们今生的亲属关系受到时间、死亡和罪恶的限制。我们完全不知道复活的生命是怎样的,但耶稣肯定这些关系与我们在世上所拥有的不同。 

  路 20:37-38> 传福音时遇到一些棘手的问题,你会放弃吗? 

  20:37-38 撒都该人想用这条奸诈的问题来捉弄、驳倒耶稣,即使是这样,耶稣也没有忽视他们的问题。祂不但回答了,并且更进一步谈到真正的问题所在。有时候人们会问你一些棘手的宗教问题,例如“一位爱人的神怎会叫人捱饿呢?”“如果神知道我将要做些什么,我还有没有自由选择的权利呢?”你要学主耶稣,首先要尽力回答问题,然后寻找问题的所在:是不是他因个人的遭遇而受伤害,或在作出决定时遇到困难?通常人提出问题,只是要考验你是否愿意聆听和关心他们。 

  路 20:41-44> 他们期待弥赛亚却不要眼见的那位;今天你也“看见”了祂,你相信祂是谁? 

  20:41-44 法利赛人和撒都该人已问完了他们的问题,现在耶稣要扭转形势,反问他们一条关于生命的问题──他们对于弥赛亚身分的看法。法利赛人知道弥赛亚是大卫的子孙,但他们并不明白弥赛亚不仅是一个人类的后裔,更是道成肉身的神。耶稣引用诗篇 110 篇 1 节显明大卫早已知道弥赛亚有神性和人性的身分。但法利赛人只期望一位领袖,恢复以色列在大卫和所罗门时代的辉煌。生命的核心问题是:我们究竟相信耶稣是谁?假如我们没有弄清楚耶稣是谁,你的信仰就是空中楼阁。 

  路 20:45-46> 律法师用身分去欺诈别人;你所负的责任,你是用来赚钱?望得到回报?或…… 

  20:45-46 这些律法教师喜爱利用自己的身分获得利益,为达目的有时候甚至会欺诈穷人。每一分工作都有其回报,但忠心地做好这分工作永远比得回报更重要。神会惩罚那些利用职责去欺诈别人的人。不论你承担什么责任,你都要用它来帮助别人,而不是只顾自己。 

  路 20:47> 他们应受更重的刑罚!如此严厉,所为何事?我不会如他们一般的…… 

  20:47 耶稣说宗教领袖会受到最重的刑罚,是因为他们本来应该作榜样,但他们却假冒为善。他们外表圣洁、敬虔,内心却傲慢、奸诈、自私、冷酷。耶稣揭露他们恶毒的内心,揭露他们忽视神的律法、按他们所喜悦的去做的行为。宗教行为并不会除去罪恶。──《灵修版圣经注释》