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新约 - 路加福音(Luke)第20章

And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as he taught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon him with the elders,
And spake unto him, saying, Tell us, by what authority doest thou these things? or who is he that gave thee this authority?
And he answered and said unto them, I will also ask you one thing; and answer me:
The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men?
And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why then believed ye him not?
But and if we say, Of men; all the people will stone us: for they be persuaded that John was a prophet.
And they answered, that they could not tell whence it was.
And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.
Then began he to speak to the people this parable; A certain man planted a vineyard, and let it forth to husbandmen, and went into a far country for a long time.
And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.
And again he sent another servant: and they beat him also, and entreated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.
And again he sent a third: and they wounded him also, and cast him out.
Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him.
But when the husbandmen saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, This is the heir: come, let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.
So they cast him out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore shall the lord of the vineyard do unto them?
He shall come and destroy these husbandmen, and shall give the vineyard to others. And when they heard it, they said, God forbid.
And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?
Whosoever shall fall upon that stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.
And the chief priests and the scribes the same hour sought to lay hands on him; and they feared the people: for they perceived that he had spoken this parable against them.
And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.
And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly:
Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?
But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?
Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.
And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's.
And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.
Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny that there is any resurrection; and they asked him,
Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man's brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.
And the second took her to wife, and he died childless.
And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died.
Last of all the woman died also.
Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife.
And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world marry, and are given in marriage:
But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage:
Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection.
Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.
For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.
Then certain of the scribes answering said, Master, thou hast well said.
And after that they durst not ask him any question at all.
And he said unto them, How say they that Christ is David's son?
And David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,
Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.
David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?
Then in the audience of all the people he said unto his disciples,
Beware of the scribes, which desire to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets, and the highest seats in the synagogues, and the chief rooms at feasts;
Which devour widows' houses, and for a shew make long prayers: the same shall receive greater damnation.
路加福音第二十章   第 20 章 

  路 20:1-8> 那些宗教领袖真的那么好学? 

  20:1-8 这群宗教领袖想除掉耶稣,所以企图用问题来陷害耶稣。假如耶稣回答说祂的权力从神而来,就是公开声称自己是弥赛亚、是神的儿子,他们就可以控告祂亵渎神,把祂带去受审。耶稣没陷入他们的圈套,相反,祂反问他们,揭露他们的阴谋。 

  路 20:9-16> 耶稣说主人要来除灭那些园户,众人却说万不可,难道他们知道自己就是园户? 

  20:9-16 这故事中的人物各有所指,就是宗教领袖也不难明白。园主就是神,葡萄园就是以色列,农工就是宗教领袖,园主的仆人就是神派到以色列去谴责他们罪的先知,儿子就是弥赛亚耶稣,别人就是外邦人。耶稣的比喻间接回答了宗教领袖关于祂的权力的问题,同时这个比喻也显明祂知道他们要杀害祂的计划。 

  路 20:17-19> 耶稣预言的,在宗教领袖身上应验了;若你也丢弃了耶稣,你想…… 

  20:17-19 耶稣引用诗篇 118 篇 22 节,告诉那些不信的宗教领袖,圣经早已预言他们会拒绝弥赛亚。丢弃这块房角石的人是很危险的,他将要被砸得稀烂(受审判和刑罚)。虽然耶稣很清楚地提出警告,他们却没有认真思考,只想立刻下手捉拿祂。 

  路 20:21> 恭维赞美,人心享受,人的谄媚,可以不跌进其陷阱吗? 

  20:21 这些密探装作老实人,在问耶稣一条狡诈的问题前,首先谄媚奉承祂,以便乘祂不备,好抓祂的把柄。但耶稣知道他们的企图,没有跌进他们的陷阱中。要小心防范恭维的话,靠着神的帮助,你便察觉到它,并且能避开它。 

  路 20:22> 你要知道耶稣有多少智慧?请看祂如何回答…… 

  20:22 这是一条别有用心的问题。犹太人恨恶要纳税支持异教的罗马政府和他们的神只;他们也憎恶这个容许税官收取过高的税、把多出来的留给自己的制度。若耶稣说应该缴税,他们会说他是卖国贼,是宗教的叛徒。但假如耶稣说不该缴税,他们就可以向罗马政府告祂造反。问耶稣问题的人以为他们这次必定抓到祂的把柄了,不过这次耶稣又比他们更有智慧。 

  路 20:27-38> 撒都该人明明不信复活,为何拿此问耶稣? 

  20:27-38 撒都该人是一群保守的宗教领袖,只接受摩西五经(创世记至申命记)为圣经,不相信有死人复活的事。他们也来试试捉弄耶稣,他们所问的复活问题,曾经叫法利赛人感到为难。耶稣就根据他们敬重的权威摩西的话,来回答他们关于复活的真正意义。 

  路 20:34-35> 撒都该人也许不是真想知道复活的事,可我真想知道…… 

  20:34-35 耶稣不是说在天堂人们不认得自己的伴侣,只是说人们不应该以为天堂是现在生活的延伸,我们今生的亲属关系受到时间、死亡和罪恶的限制。我们完全不知道复活的生命是怎样的,但耶稣肯定这些关系与我们在世上所拥有的不同。 

  路 20:37-38> 传福音时遇到一些棘手的问题,你会放弃吗? 

  20:37-38 撒都该人想用这条奸诈的问题来捉弄、驳倒耶稣,即使是这样,耶稣也没有忽视他们的问题。祂不但回答了,并且更进一步谈到真正的问题所在。有时候人们会问你一些棘手的宗教问题,例如“一位爱人的神怎会叫人捱饿呢?”“如果神知道我将要做些什么,我还有没有自由选择的权利呢?”你要学主耶稣,首先要尽力回答问题,然后寻找问题的所在:是不是他因个人的遭遇而受伤害,或在作出决定时遇到困难?通常人提出问题,只是要考验你是否愿意聆听和关心他们。 

  路 20:41-44> 他们期待弥赛亚却不要眼见的那位;今天你也“看见”了祂,你相信祂是谁? 

  20:41-44 法利赛人和撒都该人已问完了他们的问题,现在耶稣要扭转形势,反问他们一条关于生命的问题──他们对于弥赛亚身分的看法。法利赛人知道弥赛亚是大卫的子孙,但他们并不明白弥赛亚不仅是一个人类的后裔,更是道成肉身的神。耶稣引用诗篇 110 篇 1 节显明大卫早已知道弥赛亚有神性和人性的身分。但法利赛人只期望一位领袖,恢复以色列在大卫和所罗门时代的辉煌。生命的核心问题是:我们究竟相信耶稣是谁?假如我们没有弄清楚耶稣是谁,你的信仰就是空中楼阁。 

  路 20:45-46> 律法师用身分去欺诈别人;你所负的责任,你是用来赚钱?望得到回报?或…… 

  20:45-46 这些律法教师喜爱利用自己的身分获得利益,为达目的有时候甚至会欺诈穷人。每一分工作都有其回报,但忠心地做好这分工作永远比得回报更重要。神会惩罚那些利用职责去欺诈别人的人。不论你承担什么责任,你都要用它来帮助别人,而不是只顾自己。 

  路 20:47> 他们应受更重的刑罚!如此严厉,所为何事?我不会如他们一般的…… 

  20:47 耶稣说宗教领袖会受到最重的刑罚,是因为他们本来应该作榜样,但他们却假冒为善。他们外表圣洁、敬虔,内心却傲慢、奸诈、自私、冷酷。耶稣揭露他们恶毒的内心,揭露他们忽视神的律法、按他们所喜悦的去做的行为。宗教行为并不会除去罪恶。──《灵修版圣经注释》