圣经历代记上第9章讲解|原文_历代记上全文阅读

旧约 - 历代记上（1 Chronicles）第9章

So all Israel were reckoned by genealogies; and, behold, they were written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah, who were carried away to Babylon for their transgression.

Now the first inhabitants that dwelt in their possessions in their cities were, the Israelites, the priests, Levites, and the Nethinims.

And in Jerusalem dwelt of the children of Judah, and of the children of Benjamin, and of the children of Ephraim, and Manasseh;

Uthai the son of Ammihud, the son of Omri, the son of Imri, the son of Bani, of the children of Pharez the son of Judah.

And of the Shilonites; Asaiah the firstborn, and his sons.

And of the sons of Zerah; Jeuel, and their brethren, six hundred and ninety.

And of the sons of Benjamin; Sallu the son of Meshullam, the son of Hodaviah, the son of Hasenuah,

And Ibneiah the son of Jeroham, and Elah the son of Uzzi, the son of Michri, and Meshullam the son of Shephathiah, the son of Reuel, the son of Ibnijah;

And their brethren, according to their generations, nine hundred and fifty and six. All these men were chief of the fathers in the house of their fathers.

And of the priests; Jedaiah, and Jehoiarib, and Jachin,

And Azariah the son of Hilkiah, the son of Meshullam, the son of Zadok, the son of Meraioth, the son of Ahitub, the ruler of the house of God;

And Adaiah the son of Jeroham, the son of Pashur, the son of Malchijah, and Maasiai the son of Adiel, the son of Jahzerah, the son of Meshullam, the son of Meshillemith, the son of Immer;

And their brethren, heads of the house of their fathers, a thousand and seven hundred and threescore; very able men for the work of the service of the house of God.

And of the Levites; Shemaiah the son of Hasshub, the son of Azrikam, the son of Hashabiah, of the sons of Merari;

And Bakbakkar, Heresh, and Galal, and Mattaniah the son of Micah, the son of Zichri, the son of Asaph;

And Obadiah the son of Shemaiah, the son of Galal, the son of Jeduthun, and Berechiah the son of Asa, the son of Elkanah, that dwelt in the villages of the Netophathites.

And the porters were, Shallum, and Akkub, and Talmon, and Ahiman, and their brethren: Shallum was the chief;

Who hitherto waited in the king's gate eastward: they were porters in the companies of the children of Levi.

And Shallum the son of Kore, the son of Ebiasaph, the son of Korah, and his brethren, of the house of his father, the Korahites, were over the work of the service, keepers of the gates of the tabernacle: and their fathers, being over the host of the LORD, were keepers of the entry.

And Phinehas the son of Eleazar was the ruler over them in time past, and the LORD was with him.

And Zechariah the son of Meshelemiah was porter of the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

All these which were chosen to be porters in the gates were two hundred and twelve. These were reckoned by their genealogy in their villages, whom David and Samuel the seer did ordain in their set office.

So they and their children had the oversight of the gates of the house of the LORD, namely, the house of the tabernacle, by wards.

In four quarters were the porters, toward the east, west, north, and south.

And their brethren, which were in their villages, were to come after seven days from time to time with them.

For these Levites, the four chief porters, were in their set office, and were over the chambers and treasuries of the house of God.

And they lodged round about the house of God, because the charge was upon them, and the opening thereof every morning pertained to them.

And certain of them had the charge of the ministering vessels, that they should bring them in and out by tale.

Some of them also were appointed to oversee the vessels, and all the instruments of the sanctuary, and the fine flour, and the wine, and the oil, and the frankincense, and the spices.

And some of the sons of the priests made the ointment of the spices.

And Mattithiah, one of the Levites, who was the firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the set office over the things that were made in the pans.

And other of their brethren, of the sons of the Kohathites, were over the shewbread, to prepare it every sabbath.

And these are the singers, chief of the fathers of the Levites, who remaining in the chambers were free: for they were employed in that work day and night.

These chief fathers of the Levites were chief throughout their generations; these dwelt at Jerusalem.

And in Gibeon dwelt the father of Gibeon, Jehiel, whose wife's name was Maachah,

And his firstborn son Abdon, then Zur, and Kish, and Baal, and Ner, and Nadab,

And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.

And Mikloth begat Shimeam. And they also dwelt with their brethren at Jerusalem, over against their brethren.

And Ner begat Kish; and Kish begat Saul; and Saul begat Jonathan, and Malchishua, and Abinadab, and Eshbaal.

And the son of Jonathan was Meribbaal: and Meribbaal begat Micah.

And the sons of Micah were, Pithon, and Melech, and Tahrea, and Ahaz.

And Ahaz begat Jarah; and Jarah begat Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri; and Zimri begat Moza;

And Moza begat Binea; and Rephaiah his son, Eleasah his son, Azel his son.

And Azel had six sons, whose names are these, Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obadiah, and Hanan: these were the sons of Azel.

历代志上第九章　　第 9 章　

　　代上 9 章 > 这一章为什么编排在这里？　

　　9 章　按年代次序这一章应当放在历代志下的结尾，因为它记载的是从巴比伦被掳之地归回者的名单。作者把这一章放在这里，是表示关怀他们的需要：作为一个民族，他们需要回到曾使他们强大的起点上，那就是顺服神。　

　　代上 9:1> 对于社会上种种不义之事，我可以怎样表达不满？　

　　9:1　虽然并非全体犹大人都对神不忠，神却使他们全族被掳。人人皆受别人的罪恶株连；即使我们未沾染当今的恶事，也难免受行恶者的影响。单单说“我没有做这种坏事”并不够，我们必须痛斥社会中的罪恶。　

　　代上 9:10-11> 事奉岗位本没有大小之分，我有这样分类吗？　

　　9:10-11　提到做神的工作，我们常会以为讲道、教导、歌唱等，显眼的领导工作才算数，但是这里特别提到亚萨利雅被拣选管理神的殿这件事。不管你在教会担负什么任务，在神眼中都是重要的。只要你尽了心，祂就喜欢你的事奉，也欣赏你事奉的态度。　

　　代上 9:17-18> 我带着什么眼光、态度去看别人的事奉？　

　　9:17-18　守门的人看守圣殿的四个主要入口，每天早晨开门让人进去敬拜神。除此以外，他们每天还要做其他的杂务，使圣殿有条不紊──洁净、预备奉献的祭物、数点圣殿用的器皿与材料等（ 9:22-32 ）。守门的人必须诚实可靠。今天在教会中，也有管理献金，管理维修的人员，我们也应当尊敬他们的忠心与事奉。　

　　代上 9:22-32> 我对神的敬拜，是否一个荣耀君王当得的敬拜？　

　　9:22-32　祭司和利未人为敬拜的事费尽心血，既主理复杂的事务（利 1-9 所记的各种献祭），也要照管许多器物。凡与敬拜有关的器物，他们皆小心保养，好让他们和全体人民能专注于神，全心全意地去敬拜。现代人紧张忙碌，很容易毫无准备、匆匆忙忙地跑进教堂作每个礼拜一次的敬拜。敬拜时我们也许仍想着这个星期的难题，祷告的内容也是即兴的，对所唱诗歌的歌词也来不及细想。但是神要我们的敬拜“规规矩矩地，按着次序行”（林前 14:40 ），这好像邀约贵宾，或与朋友倾谈要事一样，我们应当事前小心翼翼地准备好，再恭敬地到神的面前。　

　　代上 9:33-34> 敬拜神在我生活中有什么位置？我知道敬拜神的重要，只是我的生活……　

　　9:33-34　许多以色列人把敬拜神视为首务，以在耶和华殿中事奉为圣职。敬拜就是感谢颂赞神的美德、称颂祂配受赞美，这应该成为我们生活的中心，而不仅仅是每周短短几十分钟的事情。我们若在各种境遇中与神同在，受祂引领，保持事奉祂的态度，自然就可以整天不停地敬拜祂。你要以敬拜神作为生活的中心，不要把它当作忙碌生活中的一个程序。──《灵修版圣经注释》　

历代志上　　注释　

　　九 1-34 从利未保存了圣殿　

　　若四至八章是一个单元，九章 1 节上便恰好结束了这单元。作者在九章 1 节下至 2 节，又再轻描淡写地介绍出下一部分：历代志在列出被掳归回者的名单前，只用一句话交代了被掳的事。名单跟尼赫迈亚记十一章十分相似，而当中多半提到利未人，纵然在 4 个部分（以色列人、祭司、利未人和殿役； 2 节）的第一部分也包括以法莲、玛拿西、犹大与便雅悯（ 3-9 节）。作者从不放弃「全以色列」的理想，他盼望北国复兴，与南国再次联合。祭司出于亚伦家族（ 10-13 节），他们在以色列宗教里负责献祭事宜；利未人有别的宗教职务（ 14-16 节）；而殿役或守门的，则负责一般事务（ 17-34 节）。　

　　若八章 1 节至九章 34 节组成一个单元，这两部分就包括本书所关注的时期──便雅悯部分引进君王时代，利未部分则从被掳谈起，因而再次强调历史的延续性。　

　　九 35 至二十九 30 戴维　

　　历代志作者接着用了 20 章的篇幅，讲述戴维的事迹，因此在他的故事编排中，戴维显然有着无比的重要性。然而，因着父子同时的记述，所罗门的故事几乎也占去同样的篇幅（首次在二十二章介绍出来），因此我们应把两位王并列，看他们共同树立的理想君王的榜样。由于本书的两大主题是王权与祭司职分，可以说戴维确立了宝座，而所罗门则建造了圣殿。一个是争战的勇士，一个是和平的使者。即使如此，两个主题──宝座与圣殿──在两人执政期间，都占有显着的地位。　

　　戴维与所罗门的时代，在此描述为理想的国度，因此，本书对他们的描绘，跟塞缪尔记 / 列王纪有所不同。那里所描绘的，是有人性的软弱，会犯错的君主；而此处则是两位明君的官方画像。作者并非要掩饰王的过错；因为人人都知道他们所犯的罪也晓得他们愚蠢的行径。作者只是选择性地记载，好把在他们贤明伟大背后的原则说明出来。　

　　九 35 至十二 40 王与子民　

　　前任君王扫罗──以色列的首任君王──在此背景下失败，把一个王国交给了戴维，他成为了联合王国的焦点人物。虽然他已作古人（对历代志作者、读者和我们而言），但他体现着恒久不变的原则，那是神子民的生命要得着塑造。　

　　九 35-44 第一位王的家谱　

　　在此以前，「历代志」只等同于一些家谱、名单。从现在开始，它有了新的元素──故事的叙述，以色列国度的历史──而最后一个家谱，把第一个王介绍出来了；这家谱是引自八章 29 至 38 节的重述。　

历代志上

历代志上第九章

9：1 本节上半节为2至8章所记谱系的总结。“以色列人”应作“全以色列人”，包括谱系中所列的各支派。作者希望复国后有一个团结的民族，用心良苦。

《以色列诸王记》是一本已经散佚了的宫廷记录（比较代下16：11；20：34；25：26；27：7；33：18；35：27；36：8）。看29：29注。

9：2 本章自此节以后，记的是被掳后归国的以色列人，可分四大类：1，属不同支派的平民（3-9节）；2，祭司（10-13节）；3，利未人（14-34节）；4，尼提宁（2节，即在圣殿内工作的仆役，本为外族人，后纳入利未人中。参书9：23；拉2：43；8：20）。

百姓被掳，国破家亡，政制荡然无存。复国之初，当务之急是建立以圣殿的侍奉为中心的一个新社会，团结全民，共同建国。本章详列祭司、利未人及殿中侍奉者的职守，以确立他们在新社会中的地位。

“先从”指第一批回归的人。

9：5 “示罗的子孙”应指示拉的子孙（比较民26：20）。因为作者记归国的犹大人上溯到犹大的儿子法勒斯、谢拉和示拉（2：3-6；民26：19-20）。但若非误抄，则“示罗”当指示罗城，为以色列民的历史圣地，会幕和约柜一度安放于此（书18：1）。

9：10 本节至13节记录管理神殿的利未人，录下谱系，证明各人的血统渊源。

9：16 据《尼希米记》12：28-29记载，“尼陀法人的村庄”住有歌唱的利未人。

9：17-21 圣殿有四扇大门（24节），“朝东的王门”在东面，为君王进殿的门，由守门的首领看守（结46：1-2）。

非尼哈是士师时代早期的大祭司（民25：11）。米施利米雅的儿子撒迦利雅是大卫时代的利未人（26：2，14）。作者将守门人的职务追溯到撒迦利雅和非尼哈。

9：22 根据26：12-19记载，圣殿一共有24个守门的岗位，每日分三班，日夜看守，需72人，每七日换班一次。此处记被选守门人的总数为212人，这些人住在村庄，每人隔两周值班一周。

9：35 8：29-38所载扫罗的家谱重记于此，以引入下章就要记述的扫罗之死和王位的终结。

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