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旧约 - 列王记下(2 Kings)第3章

Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.
And he wrought evil in the sight of the LORD; but not like his father, and like his mother: for he put away the image of Baal that his father had made.
Nevertheless he cleaved unto the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, which made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom.
And Mesha king of Moab was a sheepmaster, and rendered unto the king of Israel an hundred thousand lambs, and an hundred thousand rams, with the wool.
But it came to pass, when Ahab was dead, that the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel.
And king Jehoram went out of Samaria the same time, and numbered all Israel.
And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I am as thou art, my people as thy people, and my horses as thy horses.
And he said, Which way shall we go up? And he answered, The way through the wilderness of Edom.
So the king of Israel went, and the king of Judah, and the king of Edom: and they fetched a compass of seven days' journey: and there was no water for the host, and for the cattle that followed them.
And the king of Israel said, Alas! that the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab!
But Jehoshaphat said, Is there not here a prophet of the LORD, that we may enquire of the LORD by him? And one of the king of Israel's servants answered and said, Here is Elisha the son of Shaphat, which poured water on the hands of Elijah.
And Jehoshaphat said, The word of the LORD is with him. So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat and the king of Edom went down to him.
And Elisha said unto the king of Israel, What have I to do with thee? get thee to the prophets of thy father, and to the prophets of thy mother. And the king of Israel said unto him, Nay: for the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab.
And Elisha said, As the LORD of hosts liveth, before whom I stand, surely, were it not that I regard the presence of Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, I would not look toward thee, nor see thee.
But now bring me a minstrel. And it came to pass, when the minstrel played, that the hand of the LORD came upon him.
And he said, Thus saith the LORD, Make this valley full of ditches.
For thus saith the LORD, Ye shall not see wind, neither shall ye see rain; yet that valley shall be filled with water, that ye may drink, both ye, and your cattle, and your beasts.
And this is but a light thing in the sight of the LORD: he will deliver the Moabites also into your hand.
And ye shall smite every fenced city, and every choice city, and shall fell every good tree, and stop all wells of water, and mar every good piece of land with stones.
And it came to pass in the morning, when the meat offering was offered, that, behold, there came water by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water.
And when all the Moabites heard that the kings were come up to fight against them, they gathered all that were able to put on armour, and upward, and stood in the border.
And they rose up early in the morning, and the sun shone upon the water, and the Moabites saw the water on the other side as red as blood:
And they said, This is blood: the kings are surely slain, and they have smitten one another: now therefore, Moab, to the spoil.
And when they came to the camp of Israel, the Israelites rose up and smote the Moabites, so that they fled before them: but they went forward smiting the Moabites, even in their country.
And they beat down the cities, and on every good piece of land cast every man his stone, and filled it; and they stopped all the wells of water, and felled all the good trees: only in Kirharaseth left they the stones thereof; howbeit the slingers went about it, and smote it.
And when the king of Moab saw that the battle was too sore for him, he took with him seven hundred men that drew swords, to break through even unto the king of Edom: but they could not.
Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt offering upon the wall. And there was great indignation against Israel: and they departed from him, and returned to their own land.
列王纪下第三章   第 3 章 

  王下 3:1> 约沙法晚年的犹大和亚哈家族的北国王权交替情况是── 

  3:1 虽然 1 章 17 节说约兰( Jehoram )是犹大王,但 3 章 1 节则说约沙法作犹大王。君王年纪渐老时,通常都由储君辅政。约沙法在他王位将近终了的时候,指派儿子约兰协助朝政。约兰摄政五年(公元前 853-848 ; 8:16-24 再次提到他)。以色列王约兰( Joram )则是亚哈的儿子,亚哈谢的弟弟,( 1:17 )亚哈(参王上 16:29-22:40 )与亚哈谢( 1:2-18 )都在约兰以前作以色列的王。 

  王下 3:3> 一种风气形成后,可能会影响几代人…… 

  3:3 圣经常将以色列君王的罪,比作“耶罗波安所犯的罪”,他是北国以色列的第一任君王。他所犯的大罪,是在全国设立偶像崇拜,令人民偏离神(参王上 12:25-33 )。约兰不理会神,容让人民拜偶像,就是犯了耶罗波安之罪。 

  与摩押争战 

  王下 3:4-5> 以色列与摩押的关系经历了哪些变化? 

  3:4-5 以色列与犹大据有古代近东最肥沃的土地以及不少战略要冲,无怪乎邻国都嫉妒他们,不断想夺取他们的土地。摩押位于以色列东南,当亚哈作王的时候,以色列兵力强盛,摩押曾一度受以色列控制;但亚哈死后,摩押王米沙乘机背叛。以色列下一任君王亚哈谢对此没有采取行动,继任人约兰则决定出兵摩押。他联合犹大王约沙法向摩押进攻。两国合力的攻击几乎使摩押投降,但是当他们看见摩押王将他亲生的儿子,又是他的继承人献为燔祭后( 3:27 ),虽然打了胜仗还是退回本国去了。摩押跟以色列和犹大的战事频繁,在 1868 年发现的摩押石碑上,就有米沙所刻下的功绩(约于公元前 840 年),当中记录了不少战事。 

  王下 3:10> 3:10 以东受犹大控制,所以随从他们一同出发,成为三王联军。 

  王下 3:11-20> 人常是在没出路的时候才想试一下神这条路,我也犯过这毛病…… 

  3:11-20 约沙法在危难之时要找“耶和华的先知”,显示以色列与犹大两国应有的敬虔及敬拜神的生活己经堕落到何种地步。在大卫的时代,既有大祭司,又有先知给君王献策。但是自从国度分裂以后,大部分的祭司离开以色列去了南国犹大(参王上 17:1 的第一条注释),而神的先知则被视为报恶信的使者(参王上 22:18 )。以利沙所预言的这个神迹,证实神的大能与权柄,也印证了以利沙的事工。在历代志下 18 章,犹大王约沙法与以色列王亚哈,也向先知米该雅提出同样的要求,但是他们不听神的警告,最终以悲剧收场。 

  王下 3:15> 3:15 在旧约时代,音乐常伴随预言(参代上 25:1 )一同发出。 

  王下 3:20> 3:20 早晨的献祭,是规定祭司每天要献的两次祭之一(另一次是晚祭)。──《灵修版圣经注释》