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新约 - 马可福音(Mark)第7章

The Pharisees and some of the teachers of the law who had come from Jerusalem gathered around Jesus and
saw some of his disciples eating food with hands that were "unclean," that is, unwashed.
(The Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they give their hands a ceremonial washing, holding to the tradition of the elders.
When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.)
So the Pharisees and teachers of the law asked Jesus, "Why don't your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders instead of eating their food with 'unclean' hands?"
He replied, "Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you hypocrites; as it is written: "'These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.
They worship me in vain; their teachings are but rules taught by men.'
You have let go of the commands of God and are holding on to the traditions of men."
And he said to them: "You have a fine way of setting aside the commands of God in order to observe your own traditions!
For Moses said, 'Honor your father and your mother,' and, 'Anyone who curses his father or mother must be put to death.'
But you say that if a man says to his father or mother: 'Whatever help you might otherwise have received from me is Corban' (that is, a gift devoted to God),
then you no longer let him do anything for his father or mother.
Thus you nullify the word of God by your tradition that you have handed down. And you do many things like that."
Again Jesus called the crowd to him and said, "Listen to me, everyone, and understand this.
Nothing outside a man can make him 'unclean' by going into him. Rather, it is what comes out of a man that makes him 'unclean.'"
[If anyone has ears to hear, let him hear.]
After he had left the crowd and entered the house, his disciples asked him about this parable.
"Are you so dull?" he asked. "Don't you see that nothing that enters a man from the outside can make him 'unclean'?
For it doesn't go into his heart but into his stomach, and then out of his body." (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods "clean.")
He went on: "What comes out of a man is what makes him 'unclean.'
For from within, out of men's hearts, come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery,
greed, malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly.
All these evils come from inside and make a man 'unclean.'"
Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre. He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret.
In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an evil spirit came and fell at his feet.
The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter.
"First let the children eat all they want," he told her, "for it is not right to take the children's bread and toss it to their dogs."
"Yes, Lord," she replied, "but even the dogs under the table eat the children's crumbs."
Then he told her, "For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter."
She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.
Then Jesus left the vicinity of Tyre and went through Sidon, down to the Sea of Galilee and into the region of the Decapolis.
There some people brought to him a man who was deaf and could hardly talk, and they begged him to place his hand on the man.
After he took him aside, away from the crowd, Jesus put his fingers into the man's ears. Then he spit and touched the man's tongue.
He looked up to heaven and with a deep sigh said to him, "Ephphatha!" (which means, "Be opened!").
At this, the man's ears were opened, his tongue was loosened and he began to speak plainly.
Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone. But the more he did so, the more they kept talking about it.
People were overwhelmed with amazement. "He has done everything well," they said. "He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak."
马可福音第七章   第 7 章 

  可 7:1-23> 习惯成自然,我今天的教会生活还是不是在荣燿神? 

  7:1-23 宗教领袖从耶路撒冷总部派人去调查耶稣,不过调查的结果令他们甚不高兴。因为耶稣责备他们遵守律法和传统只是为了表面上圣洁,而不是为了荣耀神。以赛亚先知也曾为同样的事情责备当时的宗教领袖(参赛 29:13 ),耶稣就借用以赛亚的话来责备他们。 

  7:3-4 马可福音的写作对象不是犹太人,所以作者在这里稍稍解释犹太人的礼节。虔诚的犹太人在吃饭前都会举行一项简单的礼仪,用特别的方式洗手和胳膊。门徒的手并不脏,就干脆不行这个传统的礼仪。但法利赛人认为这个仪式可把一切碰到的不洁清洗干净。法利赛人以为神悦纳他们是因为他们外表清洁,耶稣却指出这种想法是错误的。 

  可 7:6-7> “假冒为善”这词,有没有在你心中引起一点点回响? 

  7:6-7 耶稣责备法利赛人是伪君子,因为他们敬拜神不是因为爱神,而是要图谋私利。他们把自己装得更圣洁,好提高社会地位。如果我们:( 1 )注重声誉超过注重品格;( 2 )一方面小心翼翼地遵守宗教仪式,另一方面却又容让自己的心远离神;( 3 )强调自己的善行,又突显别人的罪恶,我们也就是伪君子。 

  可 7:8-9> 今天,你也有所“拘守”吗? 

  7:8-9 法利赛人声称自己知道神在生活上每一个小节的旨意,就在神圣洁的律法以外,再加上数百项琐碎的规条,强迫人遵守。今天有些宗教领袖仍然尝试在神的话以外再加上许多规条,在信徒中间引起不少混乱。看自己对神话语的解释与神的话同等重要,就是偶像崇拜。为别人订立一些并非来自圣经的标准是一件极危险的事。你只要仰望基督,由祂指引你的行为,至于别人生活中的细节,让主去带领吧。 

  可 7:10-11> 所当做的,我已做了,不是吗?金钱明明奉上,还有什么? 

  7:10-11 法利赛人以神作为藉口,推卸奉养父母的责任。虽然神的律法已特别说明要孝敬父母(参出 20:12 ),也要帮助穷人(参利 25:35-43 ),但他们认为放钱在圣殿的库房比供养自己有需要的父母更重要。(关于各耳板,请参太 15:5-6 注释。)我们应该把金钱和时间献给神,但绝不应以神作为逃避责任的藉口。帮助有需要的人是荣耀神最重要的途径。 

  可 7:18-19> 我看我手,我看我心……都清洁吗?我问。 

  7:18-19 我们是否关心饮食的卫生比心思的清洁多呢?在犹太人饮食的律法上(参利 11 章),规定不准吃某些东西,能遵守的在神面前就显为圣洁,耶稣却指出罪其实是来自人的内心。祂不是要废除律法,而是要为神废除食物对人的约束(参徒 10:9-29 )而铺路。我们圣洁,不是因为外在的行为,而是因为基督更新了我们的心思,按祂的形像来改造我们。 

  可 7:20-23> 从你里面“出来”的,是…… 

  7:20-23 邪恶的行动从一念之差开始。若我们容让自己的思想浸淫在欲望、妒忌、憎恶和仇恨里,最后便会犯罪。不要专注在邪恶的事上,以免败坏自己,相反,要思想真实、可敬、公义、清洁、可爱和值得嘉许的事情(参腓 4:8 )。 

  耶稣在腓尼基的工作 

  可 7:24> 邪恶和追求物质的推罗需要内心清洁的信息,今天我所处的社会又需要什么样的信息? 

  7:24 耶稣赶了四十八公里的路到推罗去,然后又到西顿。这两个港口位于以色列北面、地中海沿岸,是繁荣富裕的商埠,也曾是迦南辉煌一时的历史名城。 

  大卫时代,推罗与以色列有友好的邦交(参撒下 5:11 ),但后来这个城市变得罪恶昭彰,其君王更自称为神(参结 28:1-19 )。公元前 586 年,耶路撒冷沦陷,推罗欢呼,因为以色列这竞争对手没有了,他们的贸易和利润可以大增。耶稣把祂的信息带进这邪恶和崇尚物质的社会中,祂去推罗之前,强调内心清洁的重要,实在意义深长! 

  可 7:26> 马可这里对妇人的形容好像跟马太有一点儿不同…… 

  7:26 马可称这个妇人为生在叙利腓尼基族的希腊人,马太则称她为迦南人。马可反映了她的政治背景,罗马读者很容易看出她的家乡是属于帝国的哪部分而识别她。马太则为着犹太读者而这样写,因为他们不会忘记祖先进入应许地定居时,迦南人是他们最利害的敌人。 

  可 7:27-28> 耶稣竟然说这个来求祂的妇人是狗?但妇人的态度更令人惊讶…… 

  7:27-28 这里的狗是指小狗或家中的宠物,而不是街上的流浪狗。耶稣说要先给孩子食物,意思是要先教导门徒。这个妇人不但没有辩驳,还采用耶稣所用的字眼,表示只要她的女儿能够得着神的医治,甘愿被视为骚扰人家的一条狗。许多犹太人因为拒绝耶稣,失去神的救恩;然而,被犹太人拒绝的外邦人,却因为接受耶稣而得到救恩。对犹太人来说,这实在讽刺极了! 

  可 7:29-30> 耶稣遥远说一句话就能赶鬼? 

  7:29-30 这个神迹显明耶稣有莫大的能力对付污鬼,祂不必亲身在现场也能释放人,祂的能力超越任何空间的限制。 

  马可福音独有的记载 

  可 7:36> 广传耶稣的作为,不是一件好事吗?为何耶稣却…… 

  7:36 耶稣叫这些人不要把这个消息传开,因为祂不想人们只看祂是一个行神迹的人,而忽视祂真正的信息。同样,我们不要只关注耶稣可以为我们做的事,而忘了聆听祂的信息。──《灵修版圣经注释》