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新约 - 马可福音(Mark)第7章

Then came together unto him the Pharisees, and certain of the scribes, which came from Jerusalem.
And when they saw some of his disciples eat bread with defiled, that is to say, with unwashen, hands, they found fault.
For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.
And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.
Then the Pharisees and scribes asked him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?
He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.
Howbeit in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.
For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.
And he said unto them, Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition.
For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:
But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.
And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother;
Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.
And when he had called all the people unto him, he said unto them, Hearken unto me every one of you, and understand:
There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.
If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.
And when he was entered into the house from the people, his disciples asked him concerning the parable.
And he saith unto them, Are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot defile him;
Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats?
And he said, That which cometh out of the man, that defileth the man.
For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,
Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:
All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.
And from thence he arose, and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and entered into an house, and would have no man know it: but he could not be hid.
For a certain woman, whose young daughter had an unclean spirit, heard of him, and came and fell at his feet:
The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.
But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs.
And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.
And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.
And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.
And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.
And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him.
And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue;
And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened.
And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain.
And he charged them that they should tell no man: but the more he charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it;
And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.
马可福音第七章   第 7 章 

  可 7:1-23> 习惯成自然,我今天的教会生活还是不是在荣燿神? 

  7:1-23 宗教领袖从耶路撒冷总部派人去调查耶稣,不过调查的结果令他们甚不高兴。因为耶稣责备他们遵守律法和传统只是为了表面上圣洁,而不是为了荣耀神。以赛亚先知也曾为同样的事情责备当时的宗教领袖(参赛 29:13 ),耶稣就借用以赛亚的话来责备他们。 

  7:3-4 马可福音的写作对象不是犹太人,所以作者在这里稍稍解释犹太人的礼节。虔诚的犹太人在吃饭前都会举行一项简单的礼仪,用特别的方式洗手和胳膊。门徒的手并不脏,就干脆不行这个传统的礼仪。但法利赛人认为这个仪式可把一切碰到的不洁清洗干净。法利赛人以为神悦纳他们是因为他们外表清洁,耶稣却指出这种想法是错误的。 

  可 7:6-7> “假冒为善”这词,有没有在你心中引起一点点回响? 

  7:6-7 耶稣责备法利赛人是伪君子,因为他们敬拜神不是因为爱神,而是要图谋私利。他们把自己装得更圣洁,好提高社会地位。如果我们:( 1 )注重声誉超过注重品格;( 2 )一方面小心翼翼地遵守宗教仪式,另一方面却又容让自己的心远离神;( 3 )强调自己的善行,又突显别人的罪恶,我们也就是伪君子。 

  可 7:8-9> 今天,你也有所“拘守”吗? 

  7:8-9 法利赛人声称自己知道神在生活上每一个小节的旨意,就在神圣洁的律法以外,再加上数百项琐碎的规条,强迫人遵守。今天有些宗教领袖仍然尝试在神的话以外再加上许多规条,在信徒中间引起不少混乱。看自己对神话语的解释与神的话同等重要,就是偶像崇拜。为别人订立一些并非来自圣经的标准是一件极危险的事。你只要仰望基督,由祂指引你的行为,至于别人生活中的细节,让主去带领吧。 

  可 7:10-11> 所当做的,我已做了,不是吗?金钱明明奉上,还有什么? 

  7:10-11 法利赛人以神作为藉口,推卸奉养父母的责任。虽然神的律法已特别说明要孝敬父母(参出 20:12 ),也要帮助穷人(参利 25:35-43 ),但他们认为放钱在圣殿的库房比供养自己有需要的父母更重要。(关于各耳板,请参太 15:5-6 注释。)我们应该把金钱和时间献给神,但绝不应以神作为逃避责任的藉口。帮助有需要的人是荣耀神最重要的途径。 

  可 7:18-19> 我看我手,我看我心……都清洁吗?我问。 

  7:18-19 我们是否关心饮食的卫生比心思的清洁多呢?在犹太人饮食的律法上(参利 11 章),规定不准吃某些东西,能遵守的在神面前就显为圣洁,耶稣却指出罪其实是来自人的内心。祂不是要废除律法,而是要为神废除食物对人的约束(参徒 10:9-29 )而铺路。我们圣洁,不是因为外在的行为,而是因为基督更新了我们的心思,按祂的形像来改造我们。 

  可 7:20-23> 从你里面“出来”的,是…… 

  7:20-23 邪恶的行动从一念之差开始。若我们容让自己的思想浸淫在欲望、妒忌、憎恶和仇恨里,最后便会犯罪。不要专注在邪恶的事上,以免败坏自己,相反,要思想真实、可敬、公义、清洁、可爱和值得嘉许的事情(参腓 4:8 )。 

  耶稣在腓尼基的工作 

  可 7:24> 邪恶和追求物质的推罗需要内心清洁的信息,今天我所处的社会又需要什么样的信息? 

  7:24 耶稣赶了四十八公里的路到推罗去,然后又到西顿。这两个港口位于以色列北面、地中海沿岸,是繁荣富裕的商埠,也曾是迦南辉煌一时的历史名城。 

  大卫时代,推罗与以色列有友好的邦交(参撒下 5:11 ),但后来这个城市变得罪恶昭彰,其君王更自称为神(参结 28:1-19 )。公元前 586 年,耶路撒冷沦陷,推罗欢呼,因为以色列这竞争对手没有了,他们的贸易和利润可以大增。耶稣把祂的信息带进这邪恶和崇尚物质的社会中,祂去推罗之前,强调内心清洁的重要,实在意义深长! 

  可 7:26> 马可这里对妇人的形容好像跟马太有一点儿不同…… 

  7:26 马可称这个妇人为生在叙利腓尼基族的希腊人,马太则称她为迦南人。马可反映了她的政治背景,罗马读者很容易看出她的家乡是属于帝国的哪部分而识别她。马太则为着犹太读者而这样写,因为他们不会忘记祖先进入应许地定居时,迦南人是他们最利害的敌人。 

  可 7:27-28> 耶稣竟然说这个来求祂的妇人是狗?但妇人的态度更令人惊讶…… 

  7:27-28 这里的狗是指小狗或家中的宠物,而不是街上的流浪狗。耶稣说要先给孩子食物,意思是要先教导门徒。这个妇人不但没有辩驳,还采用耶稣所用的字眼,表示只要她的女儿能够得着神的医治,甘愿被视为骚扰人家的一条狗。许多犹太人因为拒绝耶稣,失去神的救恩;然而,被犹太人拒绝的外邦人,却因为接受耶稣而得到救恩。对犹太人来说,这实在讽刺极了! 

  可 7:29-30> 耶稣遥远说一句话就能赶鬼? 

  7:29-30 这个神迹显明耶稣有莫大的能力对付污鬼,祂不必亲身在现场也能释放人,祂的能力超越任何空间的限制。 

  马可福音独有的记载 

  可 7:36> 广传耶稣的作为,不是一件好事吗?为何耶稣却…… 

  7:36 耶稣叫这些人不要把这个消息传开,因为祂不想人们只看祂是一个行神迹的人,而忽视祂真正的信息。同样,我们不要只关注耶稣可以为我们做的事,而忘了聆听祂的信息。──《灵修版圣经注释》