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旧约 - 利未记(Leviticus)第8章

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
Take Aaron and his sons with him, and the garments, and the anointing oil, and a bullock for the sin offering, and two rams, and a basket of unleavened bread;
And gather thou all the congregation together unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
And Moses did as the LORD commanded him; and the assembly was gathered together unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
And Moses said unto the congregation, This is the thing which the LORD commanded to be done.
And Moses brought Aaron and his sons, and washed them with water.
And he put upon him the coat, and girded him with the girdle, and clothed him with the robe, and put the ephod upon him, and he girded him with the curious girdle of the ephod, and bound it unto him therewith.
And he put the breastplate upon him: also he put in the breastplate the Urim and the Thummim.
And he put the mitre upon his head; also upon the mitre, even upon his forefront, did he put the golden plate, the holy crown; as the LORD commanded Moses.
And Moses took the anointing oil, and anointed the tabernacle and all that was therein, and sanctified them.
And he sprinkled thereof upon the altar seven times, and anointed the altar and all his vessels, both the laver and his foot, to sanctify them.
And he poured of the anointing oil upon Aaron's head, and anointed him, to sanctify him.
And Moses brought Aaron's sons, and put coats upon them, and girded them with girdles, and put bonnets upon them; as the LORD commanded Moses.
And he brought the bullock for the sin offering: and Aaron and his sons laid their hands upon the head of the bullock for the sin offering.
And he slew it; and Moses took the blood, and put it upon the horns of the altar round about with his finger, and purified the altar, and poured the blood at the bottom of the altar, and sanctified it, to make reconciliation upon it.
And he took all the fat that was upon the inwards, and the caul above the liver, and the two kidneys, and their fat, and Moses burned it upon the altar.
But the bullock, and his hide, his flesh, and his dung, he burnt with fire without the camp; as the LORD commanded Moses.
And he brought the ram for the burnt offering: and Aaron and his sons laid their hands upon the head of the ram.
And he killed it; and Moses sprinkled the blood upon the altar round about.
And he cut the ram into pieces; and Moses burnt the head, and the pieces, and the fat.
And he washed the inwards and the legs in water; and Moses burnt the whole ram upon the altar: it was a burnt sacrifice for a sweet savour, and an offering made by fire unto the LORD; as the LORD commanded Moses.
And he brought the other ram, the ram of consecration: and Aaron and his sons laid their hands upon the head of the ram.
And he slew it; and Moses took of the blood of it, and put it upon the tip of Aaron's right ear, and upon the thumb of his right hand, and upon the great toe of his right foot.
And he brought Aaron's sons, and Moses put of the blood upon the tip of their right ear, and upon the thumbs of their right hands, and upon the great toes of their right feet: and Moses sprinkled the blood upon the altar round about.
And he took the fat, and the rump, and all the fat that was upon the inwards, and the caul above the liver, and the two kidneys, and their fat, and the right shoulder:
And out of the basket of unleavened bread, that was before the LORD, he took one unleavened cake, and a cake of oiled bread, and one wafer, and put them on the fat, and upon the right shoulder:
And he put all upon Aaron's hands, and upon his sons' hands, and waved them for a wave offering before the LORD.
And Moses took them from off their hands, and burnt them on the altar upon the burnt offering: they were consecrations for a sweet savour: it is an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
And Moses took the breast, and waved it for a wave offering before the LORD: for of the ram of consecration it was Moses' part; as the LORD commanded Moses.
And Moses took of the anointing oil, and of the blood which was upon the altar, and sprinkled it upon Aaron, and upon his garments, and upon his sons, and upon his sons' garments with him; and sanctified Aaron, and his garments, and his sons, and his sons' garments with him.
And Moses said unto Aaron and to his sons, Boil the flesh at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and there eat it with the bread that is in the basket of consecrations, as I commanded, saying, Aaron and his sons shall eat it.
And that which remaineth of the flesh and of the bread shall ye burn with fire.
And ye shall not go out of the door of the tabernacle of the congregation in seven days, until the days of your consecration be at an end: for seven days shall he consecrate you.
As he hath done this day, so the LORD hath commanded to do, to make an atonement for you.
Therefore shall ye abide at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation day and night seven days, and keep the charge of the LORD, that ye die not: for so I am commanded.
So Aaron and his sons did all things which the LORD commanded by the hand of Moses.
利未记第八章   第 8 章 

  利 8 章 > 作为领袖的你,对自己有什么要求? 

  8 章 亚伦和他的儿子为什么需要被洁净,且被分别出来呢?虽然利未支派的人都被指派事奉神,但神惟独拣选亚伦的后裔做祭司,他们只有洁净自己,奉献自己,才能享有献祭的尊荣与责任,然后才可以教导百姓照样行。 

  本书 8 、 9 两 章所讲的礼仪,是祭司受圣职的礼仪。亚伦和他的儿子要先用水洗身( 8:6 ),穿上专为他们做的衣服( 8:7-9 ),头上浇上膏油( 8:12 );他们要按手在公牛头上,然后宰了公牛( 8:14 ),又要按手在两只公绵羊头上,然后宰了公羊( 8:18-19 , 22 ),表示圣洁是由神而来,并不是源于祭司。照样,我们得到属灵的洁净,也不是因为有了宗教上的地位,乃是因神而得。不管我们在教会中地位有多高,我们的信仰有多久,今天只能倚靠神,属灵生命才有活力。 

  利 8:2-3> 以色列人中为什么需要祭司? 

  8:2-3 神要以色列人成为祭司的国度,圣洁的国民(参出 19:6 )。自从亚当犯罪以后,罪便使人与神隔绝,人就需要藉着中保使罪得赦。起初,在列祖时代(如亚伯拉罕与约伯时代),是由一家一族之主作他们的祭司,为全家献祭。出埃及以后,神拣选亚伦和他的后裔作全民族的祭司。祭司站在神与人的中间,是全职的属灵领袖,管理献祭的事。只因人的软弱犯罪,神才藉祭司制度使每个人和团体得以与祂和好。这种不完全的制度,在基督里被成全了。耶稣基督亲自作了我们的大祭司;现在,所有基督徒都可以藉着祂来到神面前。 

  利 8:8> 乌陵、土明是用来求问神旨意的吧?我也好想有这两样东西,可以不可以? 

  8:8 乌陵和土明究竟是什么?我们对此所知很少,那可能是神用来指引百姓的宝石。大祭司将它装在胸牌之前的口袋里。有学者认为,乌陵可能表示对人的求问做出‘否’的答覆,土明则表示‘是’的答覆。大祭司以祷告求神指引以后,将宝石从袋中摇出来,神会使恰当的宝石掉出。另一种看法认为,乌陵和土明都是平面的小片,每片上面一边是“是”,另一面是“否”。祭司将两片都从袋中倒出来。如果两片皆为‘是’的话,则表示神的答覆是肯定的;若都是‘否’的话,则表明结果是否定的,如果一是一否,则表示无答覆。神使用这种方法引导百姓,有一个明确的目的,就是要教导他们顺从祂的原则。我们现在没有乌陵和土明,因为有启示全备的圣经,所以不必别出心裁,创设类似的方法来求神引导。 

  利 8:12> 膏亚伦作大祭司有什么意义呢?神让你有现今的地位又有何用意? 

  8:12 大祭司的职权是其他祭司所没有的。独有他在一年一度的赎罪日可以进入会幕里的至圣所,为百姓赎罪,因此他是众祭司的主管。大祭司乃是象征着耶稣,是祂的预表,祂乃是我们永远活着的大祭司(参来 7:26-28 )。 

  利 8:36> 做妥细节,满足礼仪上的要求,不太难;但论到人的内心是否真的洁净无瑕?这…… 

  8:36 亚伦和他的儿子“行了耶和华藉着摩西所吩咐的一切事”。这卷书中,有许多详细的法则,确遵毋违实在不容易。他们明白神的心意,知道祂要他们如何事奉,并要他们存怎样的态度来事奉。各种细则也叫我们小心翼翼,以此为榜样顺服、事奉神。祂绝不苟且,祂要我们成为完全圣洁的子民。──《灵修版圣经注释》