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旧约 - 利未记(Leviticus)第5章

"'If a person sins because he does not speak up when he hears a public charge to testify regarding something he has seen or learned about, he will be held responsible.
"'Or if a person touches anything ceremonially unclean--whether the carcasses of unclean wild animals or of unclean livestock or of unclean creatures that move along the ground--even though he is unaware of it, he has become unclean and is guilty.
"'Or if he touches human uncleanness--anything that would make him unclean--even though he is unaware of it, when he learns of it he will be guilty.
"'Or if a person thoughtlessly takes an oath to do anything, whether good or evil--in any matter one might carelessly swear about--even though he is unaware of it, in any case when he learns of it he will be guilty.
"'When anyone is guilty in any of these ways, he must confess in what way he has sinned
and, as a penalty for the sin he has committed, he must bring to the LORD a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering; and the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin.
"'If he cannot afford a lamb, he is to bring two doves or two young pigeons to the LORD as a penalty for his sin--one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.
He is to bring them to the priest, who shall first offer the one for the sin offering. He is to wring its head from its neck, not severing it completely,
and is to sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering against the side of the altar; the rest of the blood must be drained out at the base of the altar. It is a sin offering.
The priest shall then offer the other as a burnt offering in the prescribed way and make atonement for him for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
"'If, however, he cannot afford two doves or two young pigeons, he is to bring as an offering for his sin a tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering. He must not put oil or incense on it, because it is a sin offering.
He is to bring it to the priest, who shall take a handful of it as a memorial portion and burn it on the altar on top of the offerings made to the LORD by fire. It is a sin offering.
In this way the priest will make atonement for him for any of these sins he has committed, and he will be forgiven. The rest of the offering will belong to the priest, as in the case of the grain offering.'"
The LORD said to Moses:
"When a person commits a violation and sins unintentionally in regard to any of the LORD'S holy things, he is to bring to the LORD as a penalty a ram from the flock, one without defect and of the proper value in silver, according to the sanctuary shekel. It is a guilt offering.
He must make restitution for what he has failed to do in regard to the holy things, add a fifth of the value to that and give it all to the priest, who will make atonement for him with the ram as a guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.
"If a person sins and does what is forbidden in any of the LORD'S commands, even though he does not know it, he is guilty and will be held responsible.
He is to bring to the priest as a guilt offering a ram from the flock, one without defect and of the proper value. In this way the priest will make atonement for him for the wrong he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven.
It is a guilt offering; he has been guilty of wrongdoing against the LORD."
利未记第五章   第 5 章 

  利 5:4> 你曾否起誓要做或不做某事,以后才发觉自己所应承的是何等的愚昧? 

  5:4 神要祂的百姓信守诺言,即使难以履行,也不可背誓。主耶稣说:“你们的话,‘是’就说‘是’,‘不是’就说‘不是’;若再多说,就是出于那恶者”(太 5:37 ),警告人不要随便起誓(指许下诺言或誓愿)。我们的话要说了算数,如果觉得必须以起誓来保证所应许的话,反而表示不够真诚;只有导致犯罪的诺言才不应遵守。有智慧有节制的人,不会草率应许别人。 

  利 5:5> 主已为我献上挽回祭,那我就不用再认罪了吧?…… 

  5:5 献祭的人若不肯悔改认罪,他献什么祭物都不能除去罪。因为主基督在十字架上的受死,我们现在不再需要以牲畜献祭,但是认罪仍是不可少的,因为惟有认罪才表明认清罪恶,也表明神是圣洁的,我们在祂面前谦卑,愿意离弃罪(参诗 51:16-17 )。假使我们不肯悔改跟随主耶稣,祂的死对我们就不能产生功效。正如注射医治危险病症的药物一样,药液必须注射进入血液,才能有效。 

  利 5:14-19> 赎愆祭是处理什么罪的?我若损坏人家的物,只说声“对不起”就行了吗? 

  5:14-19 赎愆祭是处理因不慎玷污了圣物所犯的罪,如人玷污了会幕或祭司的工作,也包括在无意之中得罪了别人,不管是哪种情况,人都应当献一只毫无残缺的公绵羊作赎愆祭;另外要为他所玷污的圣物,多加五分之一的赔偿。现在,基督的死虽然使我们不再需要献赎愆祭,但对于所伤害的人,仍应当如数赔偿。──《灵修版圣经注释》