旧约 - 以西结书(Ezekiel)第39章
Therefore, thou son of man, prophesy against Gog, and say, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I am against thee, O Gog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal: |
And I will turn thee back, and leave but the sixth part of thee, and will cause thee to come up from the north parts, and will bring thee upon the mountains of Israel: |
And I will smite thy bow out of thy left hand, and will cause thine arrows to fall out of thy right hand. |
Thou shalt fall upon the mountains of Israel, thou, and all thy bands, and the people that is with thee: I will give thee unto the ravenous birds of every sort, and to the beasts of the field to be devoured. |
Thou shalt fall upon the open field: for I have spoken it, saith the Lord GOD. |
And I will send a fire on Magog, and among them that dwell carelessly in the isles: and they shall know that I am the LORD. |
So will I make my holy name known in the midst of my people Israel; and I will not let them pollute my holy name any more: and the heathen shall know that I am the LORD, the Holy One in Israel. |
Behold, it is come, and it is done, saith the Lord GOD; this is the day whereof I have spoken. |
And they that dwell in the cities of Israel shall go forth, and shall set on fire and burn the weapons, both the shields and the bucklers, the bows and the arrows, and the handstaves, and the spears, and they shall burn them with fire seven years: |
So that they shall take no wood out of the field, neither cut down any out of the forests; for they shall burn the weapons with fire: and they shall spoil those that spoiled them, and rob those that robbed them, saith the Lord GOD. |
And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will give unto Gog a place there of graves in Israel, the valley of the passengers on the east of the sea: and it shall stop the noses of the passengers: and there shall they bury Gog and all his multitude: and they shall call it The valley of Hamongog. |
And seven months shall the house of Israel be burying of them, that they may cleanse the land. |
Yea, all the people of the land shall bury them; and it shall be to them a renown the day that I shall be glorified, saith the Lord GOD. |
And they shall sever out men of continual employment, passing through the land to bury with the passengers those that remain upon the face of the earth, to cleanse it: after the end of seven months shall they search. |
And the passengers that pass through the land, when any seeth a man's bone, then shall he set up a sign by it, till the buriers have buried it in the valley of Hamongog. |
And also the name of the city shall be Hamonah. Thus shall they cleanse the land. |
And, thou son of man, thus saith the Lord GOD; Speak unto every feathered fowl, and to every beast of the field, Assemble yourselves, and come; gather yourselves on every side to my sacrifice that I do sacrifice for you, even a great sacrifice upon the mountains of Israel, that ye may eat flesh, and drink blood. |
Ye shall eat the flesh of the mighty, and drink the blood of the princes of the earth, of rams, of lambs, and of goats, of bullocks, all of them fatlings of Bashan. |
And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of my sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you. |
Thus ye shall be filled at my table with horses and chariots, with mighty men, and with all men of war, saith the Lord GOD. |
And I will set my glory among the heathen, and all the heathen shall see my judgment that I have executed, and my hand that I have laid upon them. |
So the house of Israel shall know that I am the LORD their God from that day and forward. |
And the heathen shall know that the house of Israel went into captivity for their iniquity: because they trespassed against me, therefore hid I my face from them, and gave them into the hand of their enemies: so fell they all by the sword. |
According to their uncleanness and according to their transgressions have I done unto them, and hid my face from them. |
Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Now will I bring again the captivity of Jacob, and have mercy upon the whole house of Israel, and will be jealous for my holy name; |
After that they have borne their shame, and all their trespasses whereby they have trespassed against me, when they dwelt safely in their land, and none made them afraid. |
When I have brought them again from the people, and gathered them out of their enemies' lands, and am sanctified in them in the sight of many nations; |
Then shall they know that I am the LORD their God, which caused them to be led into captivity among the heathen: but I have gathered them unto their own land, and have left none of them any more there. |
Neither will I hide my face any more from them: for I have poured out my spirit upon the house of Israel, saith the Lord GOD. |
以西结书第卅九章
第 39 章
结 39 章 > 歌革被打败之日,也是神得荣耀之时……
39 章 战斗的故事仍在继续。邪恶势力最终将彻底失败。它们将被神圣的力量摧毁。正因为这次的胜利,神的名将传遍全世界。神的荣耀显明了出来。万国将明白,惟有神才是人类历史的主宰。神将向百姓清楚地显示自己的慈爱,让他们回到家园。
结 39:12-16> 敌人横尸遍野,意味着战斗的场面宏大、激烈……
39:12 -16 两 个主题互相交织:神对敌人彻底的胜利;需要清洁土地使之圣洁。摆在地上的尸体会玷污土地,所以战斗结束之后,人们成群结队地埋藏敌人的尸体使土地得洁净。那些接触了露天的尸体的人在礼仪上就是不洁净的人(参民 19:14-16 ),所以要召来各种飞鸟帮助处理尸体( 39:17-20 )。对我们来说,这是一个激动人心的信息。有神在我们一边我们就可确信:我们最终会战胜仇敌,因为有神为我们争战(参番 3:14-17 ;罗 8:38-39 )。
结 39:29> “将我的灵浇灌以色列家”这预言应验了吗?
39:29 神在这个预言里和约珥书 2 章 28 至 29 节中,应许说要向人类浇下神的灵。初期教会认为,这个预言在五旬节时应验了,那时圣灵降下进入所有的信徒里面(参徒 2:1-18 )。──《灵修版圣经注释》
以西结书第卅九章
最终的胜利(三十九 1 ~ 29 )
本章的内容虽与上一章相似,均论到歌革遭受神的审判和以色列的复兴;却不是重复的述说,而是加以引伸和解释。
.歌革受罚的情况( 1 ~ 20 )
由于神不容许他的圣名再被亵渎,以致歌革和其他的军队前来侵略以色列地的行动,遭受严厉的恶果。当歌革失败后,以色列人花上七年的时间才烧尽他们遗留下来的武器。并且,以色列人根据律法书的教导(参申二十一 23 ),彻底洁净应许之地,用了七个月来埋葬歌革战死的军队。这样惊人的数量,可说明歌革军队的庞大。此外,神安排飞鸟和走兽前来噬食尸体,目的是强调胜利是多么的彻底。
.神应许以色列国复兴( 21 ~ 29 )
以色列国的复兴和歌革的灭亡,同样怀有见证神是列国和历史主宰的目的。以色列人最终的盼望必不会落空,他们拥有耶和华的保护和赐福。而令以色列人大惑不解的疑问,在这里也得到最完满和最直接的解释:以色列由于犯罪而遭受各种的祸患和灾劫,却基于耶和华的信实和怜悯而复兴。
然而,我们不可忽略的是神对百姓的救赎,要求他们离罪悔改,在信仰和道德上对神贞忠,神便赐下祂的灵引导他们,并应许永远与他们同在。对今日的基督徒而言,我们经已有神永远的灵同在,所要反省的是,究竟有没有在信仰和道德上显出神的特性,像祂的怜悯,像祂的公义呢?
思想 有什么地方我没有见证神的性情?有何方法使我的生命更丰盛? ──《新旧约辅读》
以西结书第卅九章
歌革和远方的征服(卅九 1-29 )
在继续描述的战争中,有若干因素与前章重复;还有一部分,使范围扩大。邪恶侵略的军队终于失败,并被彻底驱除,由于这种失败的结果,上帝的名必在以色列中被尊敬,在世界各国中不再被亵渎( 7 节)。然后,是一连串相当沉闷的景象,在战争之后,又叙述了一些扫荡的行动,遗留的各种兵器布满战场,数目非常庞大,足可供给当地居民作七年的燃料。在坟谷中的尸堆是那么高大,致使许多客旅无法通过。埋葬的工作,需要七个月的时间才能完成。最后所有的死人必须埋葬,全地始得洁净。
这位先知继续详述,在那场最后的大战中,那些邪恶的军队,全被击败和消灭。因为全部是用启示文学的语言,所以叙述非常生动,而且富于象征性,但不能作写实性的解释。这一部分豫言所强调的,乃是藉上帝的干豫,终于使那些邪恶的军队完全消灭。有一部分的叙述,显然是强调得胜。在人类大多数的战争结束之后,所有的兵器,应该仍然保留,作为未来的战争之用。但是这位先知主要的用意,乃是结束一切战争的战争,各种争战的兵器,最后都可以改作和平的用途;应将这些兵器放在火中,当作木柴焚烧,可使一个冰冷的世界增加一点温暖。
关于歌革的豫言最后一部分,这位先知再度强调,那些邪恶军队所遭受的彻底失败,捕食的飞鸟和野兽都被请来聚集,以被杀的尸体作为筵席( 17-20 节)。这种情景是前面一段(叙述埋葬死人)的补充说明,并不是在那件事情之后。有许多野兽饱享那些战败之人的尸体,强调战争的结局;按照创造的样式,人类曾经支配并管理自然界,但是由于他们追求邪恶,所以最后他们变成自然的牺牲品。
当这场战争结束之后,上帝的荣耀必然建立( 21-29 节)。世上各国必定知道,上帝掌管人类的历史,祂必秉公行义。而以色列和其他的国家都会明白,从前以色列的失败和被掳,并不是以色列上帝软弱,乃是祂审判罪恶的一种方式。祂有最高的权柄,并且关心祂的百姓,最后上帝必使他们在应许之地复兴,安然居住。
对于歌革所传豫言结束的时候,这位先知的信心特别突出,非常引人注目,带给人很大的安慰。他说,良善终必胜过邪恶,但是当他讲论自己经历的时候,他只提到巴比伦各种罪恶的行为,而他豫知他本国的百姓,最后必在应许之地重新坚立。固然,在他讲论这件事情时,却有更多的难民,逃出断垣残壁的耶路撒冷,到达他所住的被掳之地。虽然他自己正经历住在巴比伦的一个俘虏营,但他竟传讲邪恶的国家,最后必定失败。从实际的角度观察,他所说的一切话,都有一点精神失常;他所说的许多事情,在当时找不到丝毫凭据。然而由于以西结看见上帝的异象,所以他的看法便与一般人的看法不同,他知道上帝的伟大和良善,而且遥见祂将要建立一个世界,其中不再有战争,也不再有罪恶。他自己无法亲眼目睹,他也不知道那个日子何时出现,但是那个日子必将来临。──《每日研经丛书》
以西结书
注释
三十九 1-16
「我在以色列的山上,将把你的武器从你手中打落。你在那里倒下,成了飞鸟和野兽的食物( 1-5 节)。我必使我圣洁的名显于以色列。列国必知道我是耶和华,以色列的圣者。这一切事都必发生( 6-8 节)。以色列人使用地上的武器作柴薪,达 7 年之久( 8-10 节)。歌革的葬身之地被称为「哈们歌革谷」。以色列人要用 7 个月的时问,把他们的尸首埋葬,并清洗全地( 11-16 节)」。
第 17-29 节神透过以西结也要向飞鸟和野兽宣告:「准备参与这盛大的祭祀吧!你们要来吃这军队的肉,喝他们的血,直到你们喝醉了( 17-20 节)。列国将看见我的作为。以色列将知道我是耶和华他们的神,列国也将知道以色列被掳是因为他们自己的罪( 21-24 节)。我将把以色列从被掳中救回,显明我的圣洁。这样,他们就知道我是耶和华他们的神。我要把我的灵倾倒在他们身上( 25-29 节)。」
附注
三十八 1 「采设」和「土巴」大概是在小亚细亚(参 6 节)。「玛各」一名于创世记十章 2 节及历分代志上一章 5 节列于雅弗众子名单上,故可能是一个民族的名称。「玛各」可能解「歌革之地」。第 5 节「古实」:即上埃及。「弗人」:即利比亚。第 6 节「歌篾」:小亚细亚一个地区。「陀迦玛族」:即现代的亚美尼亚。我们也可注意创世记十章 2 节列出的雅弗的众子包括了歌篾、玛各、土巴和未设。第 12 节「世界中间的民」:指耶路撒冷(参五 5 )。第 17 节「我在古时 …… 所说的,就是你吗?」:这问题也显示歌革是一个象征。经文的含义是说以色列早已被警告将有此事发生。
三十九 9 「七年」:「七」这数字(正如三十九 12 之「七个月」),象征完全之意。第 12 节「葬埋他们,为要洁净全地」:任何人触摸死尸都被看为不洁(民十九 11 )。第 18 节「巴珊」:加利利以东的地区,以优质的牲畜和橡树闻名。第 25-29 节这段落并非意味将有另一次招聚以色列人之举,只可看为是总结了神对祂的子民的心意。
以西结书
以西结书第三十九章
39:1 地名解释见38:2注。
39:4 “鸷鸟”指鸟类中的凶猛者,如鹰、雕之类,嗜食腐肉。看39:17-20说明。
39:11 这“谷”是指位于死海东部一个山谷。“哈们歌革”:意即“歌革之众”。
39:12 “七个月”:“七”为完全之数与9节的“七年”都是形容其多。
39:17 “献祭”表示在这里发生的杀戮乃出于神的审判。神以军队的尸首来飨鸟兽。