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旧约 - 撒母耳记下(2 Samuel)第11章

And it came to pass, after the year was expired, at the time when kings go forth to battle, that David sent Joab, and his servants with him, and all Israel; and they destroyed the children of Ammon, and besieged Rabbah. But David tarried still at Jerusalem.
And it came to pass in an eveningtide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house: and from the roof he saw a woman washing herself; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon.
And David sent and enquired after the woman. And one said, Is not this Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam, the wife of Uriah the Hittite?
And David sent messengers, and took her; and she came in unto him, and he lay with her; for she was purified from her uncleanness: and she returned unto her house.
And the woman conceived, and sent and told David, and said, I am with child.
And David sent to Joab, saying, Send me Uriah the Hittite. And Joab sent Uriah to David.
And when Uriah was come unto him, David demanded of him how Joab did, and how the people did, and how the war prospered.
And David said to Uriah, Go down to thy house, and wash thy feet. And Uriah departed out of the king's house, and there followed him a mess of meat from the king.
But Uriah slept at the door of the king's house with all the servants of his lord, and went not down to his house.
And when they had told David, saying, Uriah went not down unto his house, David said unto Uriah, Camest thou not from thy journey? why then didst thou not go down unto thine house?
And Uriah said unto David, The ark, and Israel, and Judah, abide in tents; and my lord Joab, and the servants of my lord, are encamped in the open fields; shall I then go into mine house, to eat and to drink, and to lie with my wife? as thou livest, and as thy soul liveth, I will not do this thing.
And David said to Uriah, Tarry here to day also, and to morrow I will let thee depart. So Uriah abode in Jerusalem that day, and the morrow.
And when David had called him, he did eat and drink before him; and he made him drunk: and at even he went out to lie on his bed with the servants of his lord, but went not down to his house.
And it came to pass in the morning, that David wrote a letter to Joab, and sent it by the hand of Uriah.
And he wrote in the letter, saying, Set ye Uriah in the forefront of the hottest battle, and retire ye from him, that he may be smitten, and die.
And it came to pass, when Joab observed the city, that he assigned Uriah unto a place where he knew that valiant men were.
And the men of the city went out, and fought with Joab: and there fell some of the people of the servants of David; and Uriah the Hittite died also.
Then Joab sent and told David all the things concerning the war;
And charged the messenger, saying, When thou hast made an end of telling the matters of the war unto the king,
And if so be that the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee, Wherefore approached ye so nigh unto the city when ye did fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall?
Who smote Abimelech the son of Jerubbesheth? did not a woman cast a piece of a millstone upon him from the wall, that he died in Thebez? why went ye nigh the wall? then say thou, Thy servant Uriah the Hittite is dead also.
So the messenger went, and came and shewed David all that Joab had sent him for.
And the messenger said unto David, Surely the men prevailed against us, and came out unto us into the field, and we were upon them even unto the entering of the gate.
And the shooters shot from off the wall upon thy servants; and some of the king's servants be dead, and thy servant Uriah the Hittite is dead also.
Then David said unto the messenger, Thus shalt thou say unto Joab, Let not this thing displease thee, for the sword devoureth one as well as another: make thy battle more strong against the city, and overthrow it: and encourage thou him.
And when the wife of Uriah heard that Uriah her husband was dead, she mourned for her husband.
And when the mourning was past, David sent and fetched her to his house, and she became his wife, and bare him a son. But the thing that David had done displeased the LORD.
撒母耳记下第十一章   第 11 章 

  撒下 11:1> 出战的时候究竟是指什么日子? 

  11:1 以色列人的冬季是雨季,农夫种下五谷。春天则宜于出征,因为道路干爽,军队便于调动,有车辆供应粮草,在路上容易行走。在以色列大麦小麦都在春季收割,而谷物是行军必备的粮食。 

  撒下 11:1> 亚扪人终于被征服了…… 

  11:1 这次以色列人对拉巴围攻顺利( 12:26-27 ),消灭了亚扪的兵力,使他们从此臣服于以色列。 

  撒下 11:1-12:15> 罪如同泥沼,越往前行只会越陷越深。今天我的脚是否同样踏进了这泥沼之中? 

  11:1-12:15 大卫因与拔示巴的事深陷罪中:( 1 )留在后方,不上前线作战,放下本分不顾( 11:1 )。( 2 )只顾自己的私欲( 11:3 )。( 3 )试探来到,却留连欣赏,没有避开( 11:4 )。( 4 )故意犯罪( 11:4 )。( 5 )为遮掩奸淫罪而欺骗别人( 11:6-15 )。( 6 )因继续遮掩而犯了杀人罪( 11:15 , 17 )。他的罪到以后还是包不住( 12:9 ),且受到惩罚( 12:10-14 )。( 7 )他犯罪的后果影响深远,牵连甚广( 11:17 ; 12:11 , 14-15 )。 

  大卫在这件事上,本可以随时停下来离弃罪恶。不过罪一开始以后,就难以停止(参雅 1:14-15 )。我们越是深陷罪坑之中,越不愿意承认局面是由自己一手造成的。正如一个人从山顶滑下来,想在途中停下来是何等困难。所以最好的解决方法就是根本不沾罪的边。 

  撒下 11:3> 11:3 参看列王纪上第一章对拔示巴的人物介绍。 

  撒下 11:3-4> 试探犹如星星之火,稍一纵容便可燎原,逃避试探的良方何在? 

  11:3-4 大卫从王宫的平顶上,看见一个美丽的妇人沐浴,大起色心;他本应当离开这平顶,逃避试探,可是他却禁不住引诱拔示巴,陷于试探中,后果便不堪设想。 

  想逃避试探就要:( 1 )恳切地祷告,求神帮助你远离可能试探你的人、地方与机会。( 2 )默想那些针对你特有弱点的经文。大多数试探的根源都是神所能满足的人的需要和切望,只是我们必须信靠祂所定的时间。( 3 )找另一位知己的基督徒,把内心的挣扎、苦楚,向他毫无隐讳地吐露,在你遇到试探的时候,要求他帮助。 

  撒下 11:4> 这节经文暗示了什么? 

  11:4 “她的月经才得洁净”,是指拔示巴在月经以后,刚完成洁净的礼仪。所以大卫与她同寝时,她不可能已经从自己丈夫怀了身孕。利未记提到妇女行洁净礼时的详细规例。(参利 15:19-30 ) 

  撒下 11:15> 在眼前的利害关系与背后的道德原则之间,要挣扎求抉择,真的不是件容易的事情…… 

  11:15 大卫使拔示巴与约押陷于困境。拔示巴知道通奸是错的,不过,如果拒绝王的要求,就会受罚或被杀。约押不明白何以必须要乌利亚死,但那明显是王要他阵亡。我们有时面对进退两难的处境;在这种情形之下,不可忽略神的旨意──寻出既不犯罪又能荣耀神的出路。 

  撒下 11:25> 罪把一个英名之君变为奸险小人,这种可怕能不叫我谨之慎之吗? 

  11:25 大卫听到乌利亚的死讯,知道奸计得逞,可是还说些敷衍的话勉励约押。大卫曾为扫罗与押尼珥的死亡深深哀恸( 1:3 ; 3:31-39 ),现在对失去忠勇的乌利亚──一位属灵勇士,反而毫不痛心。这是什么缘故?原因在于他对自己的罪麻木了,不再为犯罪内疚,所以为了遮掩自己所犯的奸淫罪,定出下策──再次犯罪。靠感觉来判定是非,大卫便一再犯罪,以致对神的律法、对别人的权利都麻木不仁、毫无感觉。你越是想遮掩罪过,你对罪会越不敏感。不要像大卫那样硬着心去犯罪;在你失去分辨罪恶的能力以前,要先向神认罪。──《灵修版圣经注释》