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旧约 - 撒母耳记上(1 Samuel)第20章

Then David fled from Naioth at Ramah and went to Jonathan and asked, "What have I done? What is my crime? How have I wronged your father, that he is trying to take my life?"
"Never!" Jonathan replied. "You are not going to die! Look, my father doesn't do anything, great or small, without confiding in me. Why would he hide this from me? It's not so!"
But David took an oath and said, "Your father knows very well that I have found favor in your eyes, and he has said to himself, 'Jonathan must not know this or he will be grieved.' Yet as surely as the LORD lives and as you live, there is only a step between me and death."
Jonathan said to David, "Whatever you want me to do, I'll do for you."
So David said, "Look, tomorrow is the New Moon festival, and I am supposed to dine with the king; but let me go and hide in the field until the evening of the day after tomorrow.
If your father misses me at all, tell him, 'David earnestly asked my permission to hurry to Bethlehem, his hometown, because an annual sacrifice is being made there for his whole clan.'
If he says, 'Very well,' then your servant is safe. But if he loses his temper, you can be sure that he is determined to harm me.
As for you, show kindness to your servant, for you have brought him into a covenant with you before the LORD. If I am guilty, then kill me yourself! Why hand me over to your father?"
"Never!" Jonathan said. "If I had the least inkling that my father was determined to harm you, wouldn't I tell you?"
David asked, "Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?"
"Come," Jonathan said, "let's go out into the field." So they went there together.
Then Jonathan said to David: "By the LORD, the God of Israel, I will surely sound out my father by this time the day after tomorrow! If he is favorably disposed toward you, will I not send you word and let you know?
But if my father is inclined to harm you, may the LORD deal with me, be it ever so severely, if I do not let you know and send you away safely. May the LORD be with you as he has been with my father.
But show me unfailing kindness like that of the LORD as long as I live, so that I may not be killed,
and do not ever cut off your kindness from my family--not even when the LORD has cut off every one of David's enemies from the face of the earth."
So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, "May the LORD call David's enemies to account."
And Jonathan had David reaffirm his oath out of love for him, because he loved him as he loved himself.
Then Jonathan said to David: "Tomorrow is the New Moon festival. You will be missed, because your seat will be empty.
The day after tomorrow, toward evening, go to the place where you hid when this trouble began, and wait by the stone Ezel.
I will shoot three arrows to the side of it, as though I were shooting at a target.
Then I will send a boy and say, 'Go, find the arrows.' If I say to him, 'Look, the arrows are on this side of you; bring them here,' then come, because, as surely as the LORD lives, you are safe; there is no danger.
But if I say to the boy, 'Look, the arrows are beyond you,' then you must go, because the LORD has sent you away.
And about the matter you and I discussed--remember, the LORD is witness between you and me forever."
So David hid in the field, and when the New Moon festival came, the king sat down to eat.
He sat in his customary place by the wall, opposite Jonathan, and Abner sat next to Saul, but David's place was empty.
Saul said nothing that day, for he thought, "Something must have happened to David to make him ceremonially unclean--surely he is unclean."
But the next day, the second day of the month, David's place was empty again. Then Saul said to his son Jonathan, "Why hasn't the son of Jesse come to the meal, either yesterday or today?"
Jonathan answered, "David earnestly asked me for permission to go to Bethlehem.
He said, 'Let me go, because our family is observing a sacrifice in the town and my brother has ordered me to be there. If I have found favor in your eyes, let me get away to see my brothers.' That is why he has not come to the king's table."
Saul's anger flared up at Jonathan and he said to him, "You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don't I know that you have sided with the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you?
As long as the son of Jesse lives on this earth, neither you nor your kingdom will be established. Now send and bring him to me, for he must die!"
"Why should he be put to death? What has he done?" Jonathan asked his father.
But Saul hurled his spear at him to kill him. Then Jonathan knew that his father intended to kill David.
Jonathan got up from the table in fierce anger; on that second day of the month he did not eat, because he was grieved at his father's shameful treatment of David.
In the morning Jonathan went out to the field for his meeting with David. He had a small boy with him,
and he said to the boy, "Run and find the arrows I shoot." As the boy ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.
When the boy came to the place where Jonathan's arrow had fallen, Jonathan called out after him, "Isn't the arrow beyond you?"
Then he shouted, "Hurry! Go quickly! Don't stop!" The boy picked up the arrow and returned to his master.
(The boy knew nothing of all this; only Jonathan and David knew.)
Then Jonathan gave his weapons to the boy and said, "Go, carry them back to town."
After the boy had gone, David got up from the south side of the stone and bowed down before Jonathan three times, with his face to the ground. Then they kissed each other and wept together--but David wept the most.
Jonathan said to David, "Go in peace, for we have sworn friendship with each other in the name of the LORD, saying, 'The LORD is witness between you and me, and between your descendants and my descendants forever.'" Then David left, and Jonathan went back to the town.
撒母耳记上第二十章   第 20 章 

  撒上 20:5> 以色列人在初一要做什么? 

  20:5 以色列人在他们历法的每个月初,聚集在一起守月朔之日。大家欢畅地过这节期,并将下一个月奉献给神。外邦人庆祝月望,也拜月亮,以色列人则守月朔──空中见不到月亮之日,以进一步防止他们崇拜假神。不可拜受造之物,单要敬拜造物之主。 

  撒上 20:15> 大卫守盟约;今日盟约依然被我看重吗? 

  20:15 约拿单要求大卫将来要善待他的儿子。事隔多年,大卫作王以后,尽力寻找约拿单的儿子米非波设,并将他接到王宫里生活(参撒下 9 ),履行了诺言。 

  撒上 20:26> 怎样看外在洁净与内在洁净的关系? 

  20:26 以色列人守月朔,也要向神献祭(参民 28:11-15 ),守节的人必须按照神的律法洁净自己(参出 19:10 ;利 15 章;民 19:11-22 ;也参书 3:5 的经文注释)。这种洁净包括洗身、洗衣服,然后才到神面前献祭。外面的洁净是象征,表明渴望有洁净的心,与神有美好的关系。现在我们的心藉着耶稣基督为我们受死,信靠神(参来 10:10 , 22 ),并藉着留心阅读祂的道(参约 17:17 ),已得到洁净。 

  撒上 20:31-32> 约拿单为何甘愿放弃王位而不杀大卫呢?单因友情吗? 

  20:31-32 虽然撒母耳已经告诉扫罗,他的王朝会止于他本人( 13:13-14 ),扫罗仍然想为子孙保住王位,甚至使用卑鄙的手段,因为知道自己不会得到神的帮助。约拿单本可以杀死与他竞夺王位的大卫,如果走上这一步,就可以接他的父位作王,但是约拿单放过这个机会,因为他爱神,也爱大卫( 23:16-18 )。 

  约拿单──《灵修版圣经注释》