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旧约 - 士师记(Judges)第6章

Again the Israelites did evil in the eyes of the LORD, and for seven years he gave them into the hands of the Midianites.
Because the power of Midian was so oppressive, the Israelites prepared shelters for themselves in mountain clefts, caves and strongholds.
Whenever the Israelites planted their crops, the Midianites, Amalekites and other eastern peoples invaded the country.
They camped on the land and ruined the crops all the way to Gaza and did not spare a living thing for Israel, neither sheep nor cattle nor donkeys.
They came up with their livestock and their tents like swarms of locusts. It was impossible to count the men and their camels; they invaded the land to ravage it.
Midian so impoverished the Israelites that they cried out to the LORD for help.
When the Israelites cried to the LORD because of Midian,
he sent them a prophet, who said, "This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: I brought you up out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.
I snatched you from the power of Egypt and from the hand of all your oppressors. I drove them from before you and gave you their land.
I said to you, 'I am the LORD your God; do not worship the gods of the Amorites, in whose land you live.' But you have not listened to me."
The angel of the LORD came and sat down under the oak in Ophrah that belonged to Joash the Abiezrite, where his son Gideon was threshing wheat in a winepress to keep it from the Midianites.
When the angel of the LORD appeared to Gideon, he said, "The LORD is with you, mighty warrior."
"But sir," Gideon replied, "if the LORD is with us, why has all this happened to us? Where are all his wonders that our fathers told us about when they said, 'Did not the LORD bring us up out of Egypt?' But now the LORD has abandoned us and put us into the hand of Midian."
The LORD turned to him and said, "Go in the strength you have and save Israel out of Midian's hand. Am I not sending you?"
"But Lord," Gideon asked, "how can I save Israel? My clan is the weakest in Manasseh, and I am the least in my family."
The LORD answered, "I will be with you, and you will strike down all the Midianites together."
Gideon replied, "If now I have found favor in your eyes, give me a sign that it is really you talking to me.
Please do not go away until I come back and bring my offering and set it before you." And the LORD said, "I will wait until you return."
Gideon went in, prepared a young goat, and from an ephah of flour he made bread without yeast. Putting the meat in a basket and its broth in a pot, he brought them out and offered them to him under the oak.
The angel of God said to him, "Take the meat and the unleavened bread, place them on this rock, and pour out the broth." And Gideon did so.
With the tip of the staff that was in his hand, the angel of the LORD touched the meat and the unleavened bread. Fire flared from the rock, consuming the meat and the bread. And the angel of the LORD disappeared.
When Gideon realized that it was the angel of the LORD, he exclaimed, "Ah, Sovereign LORD! I have seen the angel of the LORD face to face!"
But the LORD said to him, "Peace! Do not be afraid. You are not going to die."
So Gideon built an altar to the LORD there and called it The LORD is Peace. To this day it stands in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.
That same night the LORD said to him, "Take the second bull from your father's herd, the one seven years old. Tear down your father's altar to Baal and cut down the Asherah pole beside it.
Then build a proper kind of altar to the LORD your God on the top of this height. Using the wood of the Asherah pole that you cut down, offer the second bull as a burnt offering."
So Gideon took ten of his servants and did as the LORD told him. But because he was afraid of his family and the men of the town, he did it at night rather than in the daytime.
In the morning when the men of the town got up, there was Baal's altar, demolished, with the Asherah pole beside it cut down and the second bull sacrificed on the newly built altar!
They asked each other, "Who did this?" When they carefully investigated, they were told, "Gideon son of Joash did it."
The men of the town demanded of Joash, "Bring out your son. He must die, because he has broken down Baal's altar and cut down the Asherah pole beside it."
But Joash replied to the hostile crowd around him, "Are you going to plead Baal's cause? Are you trying to save him? Whoever fights for him shall be put to death by morning! If Baal really is a god, he can defend himself when someone breaks down his altar."
So that day they called Gideon "Jerub-Baal," saying, "Let Baal contend with him," because he broke down Baal's altar.
Now all the Midianites, Amalekites and other eastern peoples joined forces and crossed over the Jordan and camped in the Valley of Jezreel.
Then the Spirit of the LORD came upon Gideon, and he blew a trumpet, summoning the Abiezrites to follow him.
He sent messengers throughout Manasseh, calling them to arms, and also into Asher, Zebulun and Naphtali, so that they too went up to meet them.
Gideon said to God, "If you will save Israel by my hand as you have promised--
look, I will place a wool fleece on the threshing floor. If there is dew only on the fleece and all the ground is dry, then I will know that you will save Israel by my hand, as you said."
And that is what happened. Gideon rose early the next day; he squeezed the fleece and wrung out the dew--a bowlful of water.
Then Gideon said to God, "Do not be angry with me. Let me make just one more request. Allow me one more test with the fleece. This time make the fleece dry and the ground covered with dew."
That night God did so. Only the fleece was dry; all the ground was covered with dew.
士师记第六章   第 6 章 

  士 6:2> 米甸人与以色列人有无亲缘关系?他们的祖先是谁? 

  6: 2 米 甸人是亚伯拉罕的第二个妻子基土拉所生的儿子米甸(参创 25:1-2 )的后裔,住在旷野;他们的祖先是由此而来,所以就常与以色列人冲突。在士师时代之前多年,以色列人仍在旷野飘流的时候,就曾经与他们争战,几乎把他们全部消灭(参民 31:1-20 )。因为没被灭尽,这民族的人口又增多起来,到这个时代,再一次前来欺压以色列人。 

  士 6:6> 以色列人这次呼求神的直接原因是什么? 

  6:6 以色列人到山穷水尽时再一次回转归向神,假使一直信靠祂,就可以免受许多无谓的痛苦!我们不应当等到穷途末路的时候才归向神,应当每天求祂帮助。这并不是说人生会因而轻松安逸,我们仍然会遇到挣扎,但神必赐我们力量,使我们能在风浪中过得胜的生活。不要等到力量用尽的时候才求告神,在任何境遇之中都要先求告祂。 

  基甸 

  士 6:11> 基甸看见的是神的使者还是神自己? 

  6:11 旧约有好几次记载耶和华的使者向人显现:计有创世记 16 章 7 节; 22 章 11 节; 31 章 11 节;出埃及记 3 章 2 节; 14 章 19 节;士师记 2 章 1 节; 13 章 3 节;撒迦利亚书 3 章 1 至 6 节。每次显现的使者是否同一位,我们并不清楚。这一节提到,向基甸显现的这位使者,在此处( 6:12 )看似与神分开,而在另一处( 6:14 )则又是神自己。所以有些解经者相信,这位使者就是新约所记的耶稣基督在降世为人以前的特别显现。作为神的专使,有可能有特别的权柄为神发言。不管怎样解释,神差派一位特别的使者将重要的信息告诉基甸,这是毋庸置疑的。 

  士 6:11> 那时的人通常怎样打麦子? 

  6:11 打麦子是将麦粒与它外面的谷壳分开,无用的空壳就是糠秕。农夫通常在山坡上宽大的禾场上打麦,把麦子高高扬起,藉风把糠秕吹去。不过,如果基甸这样做,就容易成为匪徒的目标,所以他被逼要躲在酒醡里打麦子,那可能是别人看不到的一个地窖,人不会怀疑有农夫的谷物藏在那里。 

  士 6:13> 遇到困难时,我是怪神不与自己同在,还是审视自己的行为? 

  6:13 基甸因自己和民族所面对的问题专一求问神,并寻找神未施助的原因。他并未意识到是以色列人自己招祸:当他们决定不顺服神,不理会祂的时候,灾祸便来到,这不能怪神。人很容易忽略自身的责任,把自己的困难归咎于神与别人。可惜这样做并不能解决问题,也不能叫我们与神更为亲近,只会令我们更悖逆神,退到危险的边缘。 

  在困难来临的时候,要省察的是内心,先向神认罪,因为罪可能是造成困难的根源。 

  士 6:14-16> 神呼召你时,你是否也像基甸那样不自信,以致推辞? 

  6:14-16 神对基甸说:“我与你同在”,神也应允赐给他力量,使他胜过敌人。虽然神清楚地应允赐他能力,他还是推辞;他只看到自己的有限与软弱,却没有看到神能藉着他做工。 

  我们就像基甸一样,蒙召以特定的方式事奉神,神也应许要赐给我们所需的装备与力量,我们还是常常推辞。你若提醒神自己不够资格,就是暗示祂不完全了解你的处境,或者在说祂对你的判断并不准确。不要花时间向神推辞,要花时间来做神要你做的工作。 

  神使用一般的人 

  士 6:22-23> 基甸为什么怕看见耶和华的使者呢? 

  6:22-23 以色列人相信,人若看见神的面就不能存活(参出 33:20 ,神对摩西所说的话)。基甸一定把这句话也用在天使身上了。 

  士 6:25-30> 遵从神的命令有时会犯众怒,我怕不怕? 

  6:25-30 神呼召基甸去作以色列人的拯救者之后,立刻叫他砍下木偶拆毁巴力的祭坛。这是对基甸的信心与承诺的考验。迦南人的宗教政治性极强,所以攻击他们所拜的神,往往被视为攻击维护那神的地方政府。如果基甸被他们捉去,就会面对极大的麻烦,甚至要受皮肉之苦(关于巴力与亚舍拉,请看 2:11-15 ; 3:7 的注释)。 

  基甸遵从神不准人拜偶像的崇高律法,甘冒极大的危险,当地的人知道基甸所做的事以后就要杀死他,其中有许多是他的同胞,这说明神的子民道德败坏到何种地步。神说拜偶像的人要被石头打死(参申 13:6-11 ),但是这些以色列人因为基甸砍下木偶,要敬拜神,反而想用石头打死他!你开始为神工作之时,那些应当支持你的人可能会起来攻击你啊! 

  士 6:33> 抢占有利地形是制胜的重要因素,你看── 

  6: 33 米 甸人与亚玛力人的军队在耶斯列平原安营,该平原是区内的农产中心。凡是能控制那平原肥沃之地的人,就可以控制住那地和周围的居民。由于平原有丰富的资源,有许多主要的通商大道汇集,因此在那里发生过许多大规模的战争。基甸的军队从这一带的山上攻击敌军,惟一的出路是经小径通往约旦河渡口。这就是基甸吩咐他的军队要守住那渡口的原因( 7:24 )。 

  士 6:37-39> 基甸求神给他凭证神就照办了,神是否认同这种事? 

  6:37-39 基甸是否试验神,或只是求神给他更多的凭证作为支持呢?不管是哪种说法,尽管他的动机是对的(顺服神,打败仇敌),他的方法却不够理想。他似乎已经知道,他的请求可能令神不悦( 6:39 ),但他仍然求神行两个神迹( 6:37 , 39 ),并且这是在他亲眼看到磐石上有奇妙的火( 6:21 )以后才求的。要作出正确的抉择,需要事实根据,这是没错的;然而基甸已经有一切的证据,他仍然犹豫,迟迟不顺服神,还想求更多的凭证。 

  向神要求额外的凭证就表示不相信祂。在我们应当采取行动的时候,也常常惧怕,想等候更多的证实。如果求眼见的征兆只为再一次证明我们已相信的是真实的话,我们又何需这些征兆呢? 

  现在神引导我们最伟大的方法,就是祂的话语──圣经,我们有神完全的、默示的话语,如果你想获得神更清楚的引导,不必求神迹,只要查考圣经就够了(参提后 3:16-17 )。 

  士 6:39> 对神的指示我总不能肯定,可不可求神再次证实呢…… 

  6:39 基甸看到湿的羊毛以后,为什么还要另一个神迹呢?也许他认为第一次试验的结果有可能出于自然现象。太阳晒干了地面,但厚厚的羊毛里面,是可能存有水分的。“将羊毛再试一次”,以此作为抉择的方法不足取。这样行的人是限制神,要求祂照着自己的愿望和方式而行。这样实验的结果,通常不能产生明确的效果,不能使人对自己的抉择更有信心。你应当藉着读经与祷告得到神的智慧,不要用“羊毛试验”来取代。──《灵修版圣经注释》