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旧约 - 士师记(Judges)第6章

And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the LORD: and the LORD delivered them into the hand of Midian seven years.
And the hand of Midian prevailed against Israel: and because of the Midianites the children of Israel made them the dens which are in the mountains, and caves, and strong holds.
And so it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and the Amalekites, and the children of the east, even they came up against them;
And they encamped against them, and destroyed the increase of the earth, till thou come unto Gaza, and left no sustenance for Israel, neither sheep, nor ox, nor ass.
For they came up with their cattle and their tents, and they came as grasshoppers for multitude; for both they and their camels were without number: and they entered into the land to destroy it.
And Israel was greatly impoverished because of the Midianites; and the children of Israel cried unto the LORD.
And it came to pass, when the children of Israel cried unto the LORD because of the Midianites,
That the LORD sent a prophet unto the children of Israel, which said unto them, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, I brought you up from Egypt, and brought you forth out of the house of bondage;
And I delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of all that oppressed you, and drave them out from before you, and gave you their land;
And I said unto you, I am the LORD your God; fear not the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell: but ye have not obeyed my voice.
And there came an angel of the LORD, and sat under an oak which was in Ophrah, that pertained unto Joash the Abiezrite: and his son Gideon threshed wheat by the winepress, to hide it from the Midianites.
And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him, and said unto him, The LORD is with thee, thou mighty man of valour.
And Gideon said unto him, Oh my Lord, if the LORD be with us, why then is all this befallen us? and where be all his miracles which our fathers told us of, saying, Did not the LORD bring us up from Egypt? but now the LORD hath forsaken us, and delivered us into the hands of the Midianites.
And the LORD looked upon him, and said, Go in this thy might, and thou shalt save Israel from the hand of the Midianites: have not I sent thee?
And he said unto him, Oh my Lord, wherewith shall I save Israel? behold, my family is poor in Manasseh, and I am the least in my father's house.
And the LORD said unto him, Surely I will be with thee, and thou shalt smite the Midianites as one man.
And he said unto him, If now I have found grace in thy sight, then shew me a sign that thou talkest with me.
Depart not hence, I pray thee, until I come unto thee, and bring forth my present, and set it before thee. And he said, I will tarry until thou come again.
And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and unleavened cakes of an ephah of flour: the flesh he put in a basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out unto him under the oak, and presented it.
And the angel of God said unto him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth. And he did so.
Then the angel of the LORD put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and there rose up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes. Then the angel of the LORD departed out of his sight.
And when Gideon perceived that he was an angel of the LORD, Gideon said, Alas, O LORD God! for because I have seen an angel of the LORD face to face.
And the LORD said unto him, Peace be unto thee; fear not: thou shalt not die.
Then Gideon built an altar there unto the LORD, and called it Jehovahshalom: unto this day it is yet in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.
And it came to pass the same night, that the LORD said unto him, Take thy father's young bullock, even the second bullock of seven years old, and throw down the altar of Baal that thy father hath, and cut down the grove that is by it:
And build an altar unto the LORD thy God upon the top of this rock, in the ordered place, and take the second bullock, and offer a burnt sacrifice with the wood of the grove which thou shalt cut down.
Then Gideon took ten men of his servants, and did as the LORD had said unto him: and so it was, because he feared his father's household, and the men of the city, that he could not do it by day, that he did it by night.
And when the men of the city arose early in the morning, behold, the altar of Baal was cast down, and the grove was cut down that was by it, and the second bullock was offered upon the altar that was built.
And they said one to another, Who hath done this thing? And when they enquired and asked, they said, Gideon the son of Joash hath done this thing.
Then the men of the city said unto Joash, Bring out thy son, that he may die: because he hath cast down the altar of Baal, and because he hath cut down the grove that was by it.
And Joash said unto all that stood against him, Will ye plead for Baal? will ye save him? he that will plead for him, let him be put to death whilst it is yet morning: if he be a god, let him plead for himself, because one hath cast down his altar.
Therefore on that day he called him Jerubbaal, saying, Let Baal plead against him, because he hath thrown down his altar.
Then all the Midianites and the Amalekites and the children of the east were gathered together, and went over, and pitched in the valley of Jezreel.
But the Spirit of the LORD came upon Gideon, and he blew a trumpet; and Abiezer was gathered after him.
And he sent messengers throughout all Manasseh; who also was gathered after him: and he sent messengers unto Asher, and unto Zebulun, and unto Naphtali; and they came up to meet them.
And Gideon said unto God, If thou wilt save Israel by mine hand, as thou hast said,
Behold, I will put a fleece of wool in the floor; and if the dew be on the fleece only, and it be dry upon all the earth beside, then shall I know that thou wilt save Israel by mine hand, as thou hast said.
And it was so: for he rose up early on the morrow, and thrust the fleece together, and wringed the dew out of the fleece, a bowl full of water.
And Gideon said unto God, Let not thine anger be hot against me, and I will speak but this once: let me prove, I pray thee, but this once with the fleece; let it now be dry only upon the fleece, and upon all the ground let there be dew.
And God did so that night: for it was dry upon the fleece only, and there was dew on all the ground.
士师记第六章   第 6 章 

  士 6:2> 米甸人与以色列人有无亲缘关系?他们的祖先是谁? 

  6: 2 米 甸人是亚伯拉罕的第二个妻子基土拉所生的儿子米甸(参创 25:1-2 )的后裔,住在旷野;他们的祖先是由此而来,所以就常与以色列人冲突。在士师时代之前多年,以色列人仍在旷野飘流的时候,就曾经与他们争战,几乎把他们全部消灭(参民 31:1-20 )。因为没被灭尽,这民族的人口又增多起来,到这个时代,再一次前来欺压以色列人。 

  士 6:6> 以色列人这次呼求神的直接原因是什么? 

  6:6 以色列人到山穷水尽时再一次回转归向神,假使一直信靠祂,就可以免受许多无谓的痛苦!我们不应当等到穷途末路的时候才归向神,应当每天求祂帮助。这并不是说人生会因而轻松安逸,我们仍然会遇到挣扎,但神必赐我们力量,使我们能在风浪中过得胜的生活。不要等到力量用尽的时候才求告神,在任何境遇之中都要先求告祂。 

  基甸 

  士 6:11> 基甸看见的是神的使者还是神自己? 

  6:11 旧约有好几次记载耶和华的使者向人显现:计有创世记 16 章 7 节; 22 章 11 节; 31 章 11 节;出埃及记 3 章 2 节; 14 章 19 节;士师记 2 章 1 节; 13 章 3 节;撒迦利亚书 3 章 1 至 6 节。每次显现的使者是否同一位,我们并不清楚。这一节提到,向基甸显现的这位使者,在此处( 6:12 )看似与神分开,而在另一处( 6:14 )则又是神自己。所以有些解经者相信,这位使者就是新约所记的耶稣基督在降世为人以前的特别显现。作为神的专使,有可能有特别的权柄为神发言。不管怎样解释,神差派一位特别的使者将重要的信息告诉基甸,这是毋庸置疑的。 

  士 6:11> 那时的人通常怎样打麦子? 

  6:11 打麦子是将麦粒与它外面的谷壳分开,无用的空壳就是糠秕。农夫通常在山坡上宽大的禾场上打麦,把麦子高高扬起,藉风把糠秕吹去。不过,如果基甸这样做,就容易成为匪徒的目标,所以他被逼要躲在酒醡里打麦子,那可能是别人看不到的一个地窖,人不会怀疑有农夫的谷物藏在那里。 

  士 6:13> 遇到困难时,我是怪神不与自己同在,还是审视自己的行为? 

  6:13 基甸因自己和民族所面对的问题专一求问神,并寻找神未施助的原因。他并未意识到是以色列人自己招祸:当他们决定不顺服神,不理会祂的时候,灾祸便来到,这不能怪神。人很容易忽略自身的责任,把自己的困难归咎于神与别人。可惜这样做并不能解决问题,也不能叫我们与神更为亲近,只会令我们更悖逆神,退到危险的边缘。 

  在困难来临的时候,要省察的是内心,先向神认罪,因为罪可能是造成困难的根源。 

  士 6:14-16> 神呼召你时,你是否也像基甸那样不自信,以致推辞? 

  6:14-16 神对基甸说:“我与你同在”,神也应允赐给他力量,使他胜过敌人。虽然神清楚地应允赐他能力,他还是推辞;他只看到自己的有限与软弱,却没有看到神能藉着他做工。 

  我们就像基甸一样,蒙召以特定的方式事奉神,神也应许要赐给我们所需的装备与力量,我们还是常常推辞。你若提醒神自己不够资格,就是暗示祂不完全了解你的处境,或者在说祂对你的判断并不准确。不要花时间向神推辞,要花时间来做神要你做的工作。 

  神使用一般的人 

  士 6:22-23> 基甸为什么怕看见耶和华的使者呢? 

  6:22-23 以色列人相信,人若看见神的面就不能存活(参出 33:20 ,神对摩西所说的话)。基甸一定把这句话也用在天使身上了。 

  士 6:25-30> 遵从神的命令有时会犯众怒,我怕不怕? 

  6:25-30 神呼召基甸去作以色列人的拯救者之后,立刻叫他砍下木偶拆毁巴力的祭坛。这是对基甸的信心与承诺的考验。迦南人的宗教政治性极强,所以攻击他们所拜的神,往往被视为攻击维护那神的地方政府。如果基甸被他们捉去,就会面对极大的麻烦,甚至要受皮肉之苦(关于巴力与亚舍拉,请看 2:11-15 ; 3:7 的注释)。 

  基甸遵从神不准人拜偶像的崇高律法,甘冒极大的危险,当地的人知道基甸所做的事以后就要杀死他,其中有许多是他的同胞,这说明神的子民道德败坏到何种地步。神说拜偶像的人要被石头打死(参申 13:6-11 ),但是这些以色列人因为基甸砍下木偶,要敬拜神,反而想用石头打死他!你开始为神工作之时,那些应当支持你的人可能会起来攻击你啊! 

  士 6:33> 抢占有利地形是制胜的重要因素,你看── 

  6: 33 米 甸人与亚玛力人的军队在耶斯列平原安营,该平原是区内的农产中心。凡是能控制那平原肥沃之地的人,就可以控制住那地和周围的居民。由于平原有丰富的资源,有许多主要的通商大道汇集,因此在那里发生过许多大规模的战争。基甸的军队从这一带的山上攻击敌军,惟一的出路是经小径通往约旦河渡口。这就是基甸吩咐他的军队要守住那渡口的原因( 7:24 )。 

  士 6:37-39> 基甸求神给他凭证神就照办了,神是否认同这种事? 

  6:37-39 基甸是否试验神,或只是求神给他更多的凭证作为支持呢?不管是哪种说法,尽管他的动机是对的(顺服神,打败仇敌),他的方法却不够理想。他似乎已经知道,他的请求可能令神不悦( 6:39 ),但他仍然求神行两个神迹( 6:37 , 39 ),并且这是在他亲眼看到磐石上有奇妙的火( 6:21 )以后才求的。要作出正确的抉择,需要事实根据,这是没错的;然而基甸已经有一切的证据,他仍然犹豫,迟迟不顺服神,还想求更多的凭证。 

  向神要求额外的凭证就表示不相信祂。在我们应当采取行动的时候,也常常惧怕,想等候更多的证实。如果求眼见的征兆只为再一次证明我们已相信的是真实的话,我们又何需这些征兆呢? 

  现在神引导我们最伟大的方法,就是祂的话语──圣经,我们有神完全的、默示的话语,如果你想获得神更清楚的引导,不必求神迹,只要查考圣经就够了(参提后 3:16-17 )。 

  士 6:39> 对神的指示我总不能肯定,可不可求神再次证实呢…… 

  6:39 基甸看到湿的羊毛以后,为什么还要另一个神迹呢?也许他认为第一次试验的结果有可能出于自然现象。太阳晒干了地面,但厚厚的羊毛里面,是可能存有水分的。“将羊毛再试一次”,以此作为抉择的方法不足取。这样行的人是限制神,要求祂照着自己的愿望和方式而行。这样实验的结果,通常不能产生明确的效果,不能使人对自己的抉择更有信心。你应当藉着读经与祷告得到神的智慧,不要用“羊毛试验”来取代。──《灵修版圣经注释》