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新约 - 马可福音(Mark)第2章

A few days later, when Jesus again entered Capernaum, the people heard that he had come home.
So many gathered that there was no room left, not even outside the door, and he preached the word to them.
Some men came, bringing to him a paralytic, carried by four of them.
Since they could not get him to Jesus because of the crowd, they made an opening in the roof above Jesus and, after digging through it, lowered the mat the paralyzed man was lying on.
When Jesus saw their faith, he said to the paralytic, "Son, your sins are forgiven."
Now some teachers of the law were sitting there, thinking to themselves,
"Why does this fellow talk like that? He's blaspheming! Who can forgive sins but God alone?"
Immediately Jesus knew in his spirit that this was what they were thinking in their hearts, and he said to them, "Why are you thinking these things?
Which is easier: to say to the paralytic, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up, take your mat and walk'?
But that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins. . . ." He said to the paralytic,
"I tell you, get up, take your mat and go home."
He got up, took his mat and walked out in full view of them all. This amazed everyone and they praised God, saying, "We have never seen anything like this!"
Once again Jesus went out beside the lake. A large crowd came to him, and he began to teach them.
As he walked along, he saw Levi son of Alphaeus sitting at the tax collector's booth. "Follow me," Jesus told him, and Levi got up and followed him.
While Jesus was having dinner at Levi's house, many tax collectors and "sinners" were eating with him and his disciples, for there were many who followed him.
When the teachers of the law who were Pharisees saw him eating with the "sinners" and tax collectors, they asked his disciples: "Why does he eat with tax collectors and 'sinners'?"
On hearing this, Jesus said to them, "It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners."
Now John's disciples and the Pharisees were fasting. Some people came and asked Jesus, "How is it that John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees are fasting, but yours are not?"
Jesus answered, "How can the guests of the bridegroom fast while he is with them? They cannot, so long as they have him with them.
But the time will come when the bridegroom will be taken from them, and on that day they will fast.
"No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment. If he does, the new piece will pull away from the old, making the tear worse.
And no one pours new wine into old wineskins. If he does, the wine will burst the skins, and both the wine and the wineskins will be ruined. No, he pours new wine into new wineskins."
One Sabbath Jesus was going through the grainfields, and as his disciples walked along, they began to pick some heads of grain.
The Pharisees said to him, "Look, why are they doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?"
He answered, "Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were hungry and in need?
In the days of Abiathar the high priest, he entered the house of God and ate the consecrated bread, which is lawful only for priests to eat. And he also gave some to his companions."
Then he said to them, "The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.
So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath."
马可福音第二章   第 2 章 

  可 2:3> 我曾为谁感动过?感动以外还有什么? 

  2:3 这个瘫子的需要感动了他的朋友,使他们有所行动,带他到耶稣那里去。当你知道别人的需要后,你会作出行动吗?许多人都有身体上和属灵上的需要,一些是你一个人就能去解决的,一些则需要其他人一同帮忙。瘫子的需要使这四个人作出行动,让别人的需要也叫你作出怜悯的行动吧。 

  可 2:4> 打开屋顶,把瘫子放下去,不太可能吧? 

  2:4 当时的房子是用石头建造的,房顶是平的,用泥混合草建成,屋外有楼梯通到房顶。这几位朋友可能是把瘫子从屋外的楼梯运上房顶,然后轻易地拆开房顶,把瘫子缒到耶稣那里去。 

  犹太人的主要宗教及政治团体 

  可 2:5-7> 犹太人对耶稣的认识不正确,错失了在耶稣里的丰盛;我又如何? 

  2:5-7 犹太领袖认为,声称自己做到只有神才可以做的事就是亵渎神,根据律法,这是死罪(参利 24:15-16 )。 

  耶稣宣称自己有神的赦罪权柄,宗教领袖没有误解祂的话,却下了错误的判断。耶稣没有亵渎神,祂所说的是事实。耶稣是神,祂藉着治好这个瘫子,证实自己的宣告是真的( 2:9-12 )。 

  可 2:10> 为什么人需要耶稣? 

  2:10 这是马可福音第一次记载耶稣自称为“人子”。“人子”这个称号强调了耶稣完全是人;“神的儿子”(参约 20:31 )则强调了耶稣完全是神。祂是神,有赦罪的权柄;祂是人,能体会我们最深处的需要和痛苦,帮助我们胜过罪恶(参 8:29-31 注释)。 

  可 2:14> 神从一个人人都讨厌的行业,提拔祂的用人,这可会改变你对厌恶的定义? 

  2:14 当时的税吏负责向指定地区的居民和商旅征收税款。税吏本可以从征收的税款中抽取佣金,但他们大多滥收税金以肥己。他们非但诈取金钱,充当罗马政府的走狗,甚至用部分税金支持异教,因此犹太人恨他们。 

  利未是使徒马太的别名,他写了马太福音。他是犹太人,曾受罗马政府委任作税吏。(参太 9 章人物介绍) 

  可 2:14-15> 我信了主多久才向人作见证? 

  2:14-15 利未遇见耶稣当日就在家里举行宴会,把耶稣介绍给朋友。他没有浪费一分一秒,立刻作见证。有些人认为初信者要等受过训练、灵命成熟后才可向别人介绍耶稣。其实,初信者也可以像利未一样运用已有的知识、技巧和经验,马上跟熟悉的人分享信仰。 

  可 2:16-17> 我最讨厌的是什么人?我怎样看待这些人? 

  2:16-17 自义的法利赛人看见耶稣与罪人一起吃饭就摆出义愤填胸的样子。耶稣乐意跟罪人交往,祂爱他们,知道他们需要听祂讲的话。不论是富是贫、是善是恶,只要是需要或渴望听祂的信息的,祂都会花时间跟他们在一起。需要基督的人不一定可爱可交心,但我们也得跟他们交朋友。你曾忽略过一些声誉不好的人吗?也许他们就是最需要你的人,要从你感受基督的爱,听祂的信息。 

  可 2:18-22> 现代的青年人也有的在禁食,常是为着减肥,殊不知禁食有更深的用意…… 

  2:18-22 约翰本人有两个目标:领人悔改,预备人迎接基督。他这严肃的信息使他自己和门徒禁食。禁食是谦卑和悔罪的表现,也是静思和警醒的操炼。禁食倒空身体,使身体不被食物填满;悔改倒空生命,使生命不被罪恶充塞。耶稣的门徒不用禁食,因为耶稣跟他们在一起。耶稣没有谴责禁食的人,祂自己也禁食了四十天(参太 4:2 )。然而,祂强调禁食要有正确的动机。法利赛人一个星期禁食两次,为要显示给别人看自己是多么的圣洁。耶稣要说明,为了给别人留下深刻印象而禁食,就歪曲了禁食的意义。 

  可 2:19> 神用新郎新娘比喻自己与子民的关系,你用什么来比喻目前你跟神的关系呢? 

  2:19 耶稣把自己比作新郎。圣经也常把神的子民比作新娘,把爱他们的神比作新郎(参赛 62:5 ;太 25:1-14 ;启 21:2 )。 

  可 2:21-22> 墨守成规的法利赛人不能接受耶稣的新思想,你对新事物又抱什么态度? 

  2:21-22 当时,人们用不漏水的羊皮袋子装酒。新酒变陈,便会膨胀,使皮袋拉伸,所以新酒不能倒进已经拉伸的旧皮袋里,否则那又旧又硬的羊皮就会破裂。 

  法利赛人就好像旧皮袋一样僵硬,被人为的思想和规矩限制,不能接受耶稣,不能相信祂。我们的心灵也可能会像旧皮袋一样变得僵硬,而不能领受基督所赐的新生命。所以,要时刻保持心灵开放,领受耶稣改变人生命的真理。 

  可 2:23> 未割尽的麦穗是留给穷人和旅客的,你有没有给有需要的人留下“麦穗”? 

  2:23 律法说明农夫收割时,不可以割尽田角和田头,好让旅客和穷人可以拾遗落的麦穗吃(参利 19:9-10 ;申 23:25 )。在田边掐麦穗吃是当时社会可以接受的行为,不算犯法。走在人家田间的阡陌上也不算是闯入私人重地。 

  可 2:24> 法利赛人只看到律法的外衣,看不见律法的真义。我对属灵规矩的了解是不是也这么肤浅? 

  2:24 神的律法说明在安息日不可以收割(参出 34:21 )。这条律法的原意是让农夫不要因贪心在安息日下田工作而忽略了神;同时也让工人可以休息。法利赛人却把耶稣和门徒掐麦穗说成收割。耶稣和门徒显然不是摘来售卖赚取利益,只是找东西吃罢了。法利赛人只看律法字面上的解释,漠视了它的真正意义。 

  可 2:24> 维持制度,合理;体恤人的需要,合情。要二者选其一,我可怎选?怎样可以情理兼备? 

  2:24 很多法利赛人甘于被人订的条例和传统囚禁,以致看不清楚什么是善是对。耶稣暗示安息日是行善的日子( 3:4 )。神设立安息日作为休息和敬拜的日子,不是要我们只顾休息,连举手之劳也不帮助人。不要让你的“安息日”变成纵容自己自私自利的机会。 

  可 2:25-28> 我有时也会只要求别人遵守规则,而忽略了其背后的…… 

  2:25-28 耶稣用大卫的例子(参撒上 21:1-6 )来指出法利赛人的指摘是何等的荒谬。神设立安息日是为人而不是祂自己的益处。人在安息日休息,不会叫神得到什么好处,却可使人花时间亲近神,让身体和灵性都能够恢复元气。法利赛人却认为安息日的条例比其意义还重要。大卫和耶稣都明白神律法的真正本义是增进人对神和其他人的爱。我们若不明白律法的本义,就不要把律法强加于别人身上,否则只会作出不适当的判断,伤害别人。──《灵修版圣经注释》