圣经创世记第24章讲解|原文_创世记全文阅读

旧约 - 创世记（Genesis）第24章

And Abraham was old, and well stricken in age: and the LORD had blessed Abraham in all things.

And Abraham said unto his eldest servant of his house, that ruled over all that he had, Put, I pray thee, thy hand under my thigh:

And I will make thee swear by the LORD, the God of heaven, and the God of the earth, that thou shalt not take a wife unto my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell:

But thou shalt go unto my country, and to my kindred, and take a wife unto my son Isaac.

And the servant said unto him, Peradventure the woman will not be willing to follow me unto this land: must I needs bring thy son again unto the land from whence thou camest?

And Abraham said unto him, Beware thou that thou bring not my son thither again.

The LORD God of heaven, which took me from my father's house, and from the land of my kindred, and which spake unto me, and that sware unto me, saying, Unto thy seed will I give this land; he shall send his angel before thee, and thou shalt take a wife unto my son from thence.

And if the woman will not be willing to follow thee, then thou shalt be clear from this my oath: only bring not my son thither again.

And the servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master, and sware to him concerning that matter.

And the servant took ten camels of the camels of his master, and departed; for all the goods of his master were in his hand: and he arose, and went to Mesopotamia, unto the city of Nahor.

And he made his camels to kneel down without the city by a well of water at the time of the evening, even the time that women go out to draw water.

And he said, O LORD God of my master Abraham, I pray thee, send me good speed this day, and shew kindness unto my master Abraham.

Behold, I stand here by the well of water; and the daughters of the men of the city come out to draw water:

And let it come to pass, that the damsel to whom I shall say, Let down thy pitcher, I pray thee, that I may drink; and she shall say, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: let the same be she that thou hast appointed for thy servant Isaac; and thereby shall I know that thou hast shewed kindness unto my master.

And it came to pass, before he had done speaking, that, behold, Rebekah came out, who was born to Bethuel, son of Milcah, the wife of Nahor, Abraham's brother, with her pitcher upon her shoulder.

And the damsel was very fair to look upon, a virgin, neither had any man known her: and she went down to the well, and filled her pitcher, and came up.

And the servant ran to meet her, and said, Let me, I pray thee, drink a little water of thy pitcher.

And she said, Drink, my lord: and she hasted, and let down her pitcher upon her hand, and gave him drink.

And when she had done giving him drink, she said, I will draw water for thy camels also, until they have done drinking.

And she hasted, and emptied her pitcher into the trough, and ran again unto the well to draw water, and drew for all his camels.

And the man wondering at her held his peace, to wit whether the LORD had made his journey prosperous or not.

And it came to pass, as the camels had done drinking, that the man took a golden earring of half a shekel weight, and two bracelets for her hands of ten shekels weight of gold;

And said, Whose daughter art thou? tell me, I pray thee: is there room in thy father's house for us to lodge in?

And she said unto him, I am the daughter of Bethuel the son of Milcah, which she bare unto Nahor.

She said moreover unto him, We have both straw and provender enough, and room to lodge in.

And the man bowed down his head, and worshipped the LORD.

And he said, Blessed be the LORD God of my master Abraham, who hath not left destitute my master of his mercy and his truth: I being in the way, the LORD led me to the house of my master's brethren.

And the damsel ran, and told them of her mother's house these things.

And Rebekah had a brother, and his name was Laban: and Laban ran out unto the man, unto the well.

And it came to pass, when he saw the earring and bracelets upon his sister's hands, and when he heard the words of Rebekah his sister, saying, Thus spake the man unto me; that he came unto the man; and, behold, he stood by the camels at the well.

And he said, Come in, thou blessed of the LORD; wherefore standest thou without? for I have prepared the house, and room for the camels.

And the man came into the house: and he ungirded his camels, and gave straw and provender for the camels, and water to wash his feet, and the men's feet that were with him.

And there was set meat before him to eat: but he said, I will not eat, until I have told mine errand. And he said, Speak on.

And he said, I am Abraham's servant.

And the LORD hath blessed my master greatly; and he is become great: and he hath given him flocks, and herds, and silver, and gold, and menservants, and maidservants, and camels, and asses.

And Sarah my master's wife bare a son to my master when she was old: and unto him hath he given all that he hath.

And my master made me swear, saying, Thou shalt not take a wife to my son of the daughters of the Canaanites, in whose land I dwell:

But thou shalt go unto my father's house, and to my kindred, and take a wife unto my son.

And I said unto my master, Peradventure the woman will not follow me.

And he said unto me, The LORD, before whom I walk, will send his angel with thee, and prosper thy way; and thou shalt take a wife for my son of my kindred, and of my father's house:

Then shalt thou be clear from this my oath, when thou comest to my kindred; and if they give not thee one, thou shalt be clear from my oath.

And I came this day unto the well, and said, O LORD God of my master Abraham, if now thou do prosper my way which I go:

Behold, I stand by the well of water; and it shall come to pass, that when the virgin cometh forth to draw water, and I say to her, Give me, I pray thee, a little water of thy pitcher to drink;

And she say to me, Both drink thou, and I will also draw for thy camels: let the same be the woman whom the LORD hath appointed out for my master's son.

And before I had done speaking in mine heart, behold, Rebekah came forth with her pitcher on her shoulder; and she went down unto the well, and drew water: and I said unto her, Let me drink, I pray thee.

And she made haste, and let down her pitcher from her shoulder, and said, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: so I drank, and she made the camels drink also.

And I asked her, and said, Whose daughter art thou? And she said, The daughter of Bethuel, Nahor's son, whom Milcah bare unto him: and I put the earring upon her face, and the bracelets upon her hands.

And I bowed down my head, and worshipped the LORD, and blessed the LORD God of my master Abraham, which had led me in the right way to take my master's brother's daughter unto his son.

And now if ye will deal kindly and truly with my master, tell me: and if not, tell me; that I may turn to the right hand, or to the left.

Then Laban and Bethuel answered and said, The thing proceedeth from the LORD: we cannot speak unto thee bad or good.

Behold, Rebekah is before thee, take her, and go, and let her be thy master's son's wife, as the LORD hath spoken.

And it came to pass, that, when Abraham's servant heard their words, he worshipped the LORD, bowing himself to the earth.

And the servant brought forth jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment, and gave them to Rebekah: he gave also to her brother and to her mother precious things.

And they did eat and drink, he and the men that were with him, and tarried all night; and they rose up in the morning, and he said, Send me away unto my master.

And her brother and her mother said, Let the damsel abide with us a few days, at the least ten; after that she shall go.

And he said unto them, Hinder me not, seeing the LORD hath prospered my way; send me away that I may go to my master.

And they said, We will call the damsel, and enquire at her mouth.

And they called Rebekah, and said unto her, Wilt thou go with this man? And she said, I will go.

And they sent away Rebekah their sister, and her nurse, and Abraham's servant, and his men.

And they blessed Rebekah, and said unto her, Thou art our sister, be thou the mother of thousands of millions, and let thy seed possess the gate of those which hate them.

And Rebekah arose, and her damsels, and they rode upon the camels, and followed the man: and the servant took Rebekah, and went his way.

And Isaac came from the way of the well Lahairoi; for he dwelt in the south country.

And Isaac went out to meditate in the field at the eventide: and he lifted up his eyes, and saw, and, behold, the camels were coming.

And Rebekah lifted up her eyes, and when she saw Isaac, she lighted off the camel.

For she had said unto the servant, What man is this that walketh in the field to meet us? And the servant had said, It is my master: therefore she took a vail, and covered herself.

And the servant told Isaac all things that he had done.

And Isaac brought her into his mother Sarah's tent, and took Rebekah, and she became his wife; and he loved her: and Isaac was comforted after his mother's death.

创世记第廿四章　　第 24 章　

　　创 24:2,9> 把手放在别人的大腿下，是个什么样的习俗？　

　　24:2,9　按照当时的习俗，把手放在别人的大腿下，是表明跟对方订立协议或是认可公约，正如我们现在握手、起誓、或者在公证人面前签署文件一般。　

　　创 24:4> 亚伯拉罕将婚姻与信仰结合的态度，会否仍适合现代社会？　

　　24:4　亚伯拉罕希望以撒娶同族的女子为妻，这是当时普遍的做法，避免与异教徒通婚。当时，娶妻的事通常是由父母来拣选和作决定的，女子十多岁就出嫁，但利百加可能年纪较大。　

　　创 24:6> 亚伯拉罕坚持在神为他命定的地方来抉择人生，我选择的是……　

　　24:6　亚伯拉罕要以撒留在迦南地，却不要他娶当地女子为妻。这与夏甲为她的儿子以实玛利娶妻形成强烈的对比（ 21:21 ）。叫以撒留在迦南、结婚生子，或者让他回去在亲族之中娶一个妻子，都比较容易，不过亚伯拉罕顺服神的旨意──祂所命定的人、祂所拣选的地方。让我们也在各方面完全地顺服神吧！　

　　创 24:11> 井旁遇见良人……　

　　24:11　井是全村的主要水源，通常是在城外的大路旁边。人们常要走一公里左右的路到井那里打水回家。农夫和牧人从附近的田间打水给他们的牲畜喝。井边是一个认识新朋友和跟旧朋友闲谈的好地方，利百加每日两次到井边打水。　

　　24:12 亚伯拉罕的老仆人求神引领他完成这极其重要的任务。他一定从主人身上学到很多信心的功课，并且认识神。你的亲友和同事从你身上认识神多少？我们要像亚伯拉罕一样建立信心的榜样；也要像他的老仆人一样，凡事都寻求神的引导。　

　　创 24:14> 亚伯拉罕的仆人向神求明确的凭证对不对呢？　

　　24:14 他所求的凭证跟一般情形稍有不同。按当时接待客旅的习惯，井旁的妇人会打水给行路疲乏的人喝，而不是他们的牲畜。亚伯拉罕的仆人只是求神指示他，使他遇到愿意服事人的、甚至超越平常惯例的女子。愿意打水给骆驼喝，是愿意服事人的表现。他知道正直的重要，他不求神使他遇见富有、漂亮的女子，因为他知道内心正直才是最主要的条件，所以求神这样帮助他完成任务。　

　　利百加　

　　创 24:15-16> 娶妻求淑妇──我着重的是人的外观，还是内心的美丽？　

　　24:15-16 利百加样貌美丽，但是老仆人注重的是她的内在美。我们看重外表，常花时间和金钱来修饰，我们又花了多少功夫来建立内在美呢？忍耐、慈爱、喜乐能使我们真正讨人喜爱。　

　　创 24:18-21> 利百加遇人有需要即帮忙；当别人有需要时，我是视而不见，还是……　

　　24:18-21 利百加愿意立刻打水给老仆人和他的骆驼喝，清楚显明她乐意服事人。打水的瓶子又大又重，而走了一个星期路程的骆驼，需饮大量的水──每头可饮九百多公升。老仆人看到利百加取水饮骆驼，就知道她是尽心工作的人。你有没有服事人的精神？当有人向我们求助，或我们看到别人有需要时，我们要尽力而为。　

　　创 24:26-27> 亚伯拉罕的仆人懂得立即感恩，而我却……　

　　24:26-27 亚伯拉罕的仆人知道神垂听了他的祷告，就立刻感谢神的美善和引导。只要我们像那老仆人一样合神使用，神也必使用我们、引领我们，而我们第一个反应也该是赞美和感谢神拣选我们，在我们身上动工，并透过我们工作。　

　　创 24:42,48> 亚伯拉罕的仆人能坦然向别人分享信仰的经历，而我最近一次的分享是……　

　　24:42,48 亚伯拉罕的仆人向拉班讲述事情的经过时，坦然地谈到神和祂的美善。但我们常常怕被人误会，被人拒绝，或被人当作宗教狂而不敢开口，我们应当坦然地跟别人分享神为我们所做的事。　

　　创 24:60> 24:60 “得着仇敌的城门”就是能战胜所有仇敌的意思。　

　　创 24:64-65> 良人喜相逢……　

　　24:64-65 当利百加知道前来迎接她的人就是她的未婚夫以撒时，她就依照东方的风俗下了骆驼以表示尊敬，并在脸上蒙上作新娘的面纱。　

　　忠实的仆人──《灵修版圣经注释》　

11．以撒娶妻（二四）　　二四1～9 亚伯拉罕要他家里最老的仆人起誓，为以撒选娶一个妻子，他不容以撒娶迦南女子或住在米所波大米的女子为妻。由于迦南地各族人敬拜假神，亚伯拉罕不愿其后裔被被诱转离真神(王上十一2)。亚伯拉罕为以撒设下择偶的第一个条件就是：不可娶外族女子，因此基督徒不宜在拜偶像的人中寻找婚配的对象。

　　亚伯拉罕定意不使他的后裔，有分于迦南人污秽，就打发仆人去他的本地、本族为他儿子娶妻。这乃是一件顺服和信心的行动。这告诉我们，一个凭信而活的人，他所行的一切，必须照着信心与神合作同行。一个有信心的人，绝不会坐等说，神已应许过了，所以我不必作什么。相反地，他是在神的应许上往前去。

　　第2至4和第9节说明古代立誓的形式。费察林说：根据圣经的谚语，儿女是从父亲的“大腿”和“腰间”而来（比较创四六26）。把手放在大腿下表示，若有人违背誓言，已出生的儿女，或将来的儿女将要对不忠诚的一方作出报复。这称为“借后裔发的誓”，尤其是在这里的应用，因为仆人的使命是要确保以撒能给父亲亚伯拉罕传宗接代。

　　也有人认为：叫人把手放在”大腿底下“说话或起誓，乃表示郑重其事、信守承诺的意思(参创四十七29)；手所接触的部位靠近生殖器官，意味着若违背誓言，就会遭受绝后的报应。

　　二四10～14 仆人是天父差来之圣灵的预表（象征），助这“属天的以撒”——主耶稣——寻找新娘。经文一丝不苟地记录预备旅程的细节；仆人带备的贺礼，和识别主拣选的女子的记号。

　　甘莫道阐释说：这个记号是经过精心计算的，用来阐明成为主人儿子的妻子当有的性情和气质。他只要求那女子给他“一口”清水——希伯来字可以这样译。但神所拣选的女子，将要成为多国之母，也是耶稣基督的远祖。她有慷慨的本性，愿意服侍别人，不但让他“一口”清水，而且让他喝个够。她还出乎意料之外地倒水给骆驼喝。现在，我们试想想那十头骆驼，它们经过漫长艰苦的沙漠旅程，准备喝光至少四桶清水。仆人祷告中的女子自发地服侍仆人和动物，显出仁爱大方的气质和超然的性格。

　　古时打水相当吃力，而十匹骆驼(10节)的喝水量又很大，所以很少有女子愿意如此善待陌生人，除非她是一位很有爱心的人。按当时接待客旅的习惯，井旁的妇人会打水给行路疲乏的人喝，而不是他们的牲畜。老仆人所以如此向神祷告，乃因他知道神必安排一位品格优越的女子给以撒作妻子。我们若在一切所行的事上都认定神，神也必定会指引我们当行的路(箴三6)。

　　二四15～52 能符合条件，接纳仆人礼物的当然是可爱的利百加。当她带亚伯拉罕的仆人返回父家，仆人就知道寻人的工作终告结束。利百加向哥哥拉班道明亚伯拉罕仆人的来意，他就彬彬有礼地欢迎随从，再细听仆人请求利百加下嫁以撒为妻。蒙神垂听仆人的祷告，他与利百加奇妙地汇合相认，更使拉班和利百加的父亲彼土利深信一切耶和华都安排好。

　　二四53～61 然后，仆人拿出礼物送给利百加。拉班和她母亲批准婚约。大清早，利百加的家人希望拖延她起程的时间，但利百加愿意及早起程，办妥婚事。“利百加说，我去”这话表明她有决断力。利百加虽未见过以撒，但她相信老仆人的话，内心起了向往，因此热切地盼望“去”到他那里。她离开的时候，家人都祝福她。

　　二四62～67 以撒经历摩利亚山的事后。在这里首次出现，出来迎接利百加。我们在救主死后被埋复活升天之后，首次与主相遇时，就是他再来迎娶他蒙拣选的新妇（帖前四13～18）。以撒和利百加的相会是微妙美丽的。以撒与利百加素未谋面，他就娶她为妻，并且爱她，证明利百加乃出于神的拣选。以撒跟其它先祖不同，只娶了利百加一个妻子。

二十四 1-67 利百加与艾萨克成婚　　撒拉去世与埋葬后，不久便到亚伯拉罕谢世，至少这是创世记二十四章的提示，但是二十五章 7 节暗示二人去世之间有一段较长的时间距离。在二十四章 1 节，亚伯拉罕看来是在床上垂危，到他的仆人带利百加回来时，艾萨克是孤独一人，而且是一家的主人（二十四 65 ）。既然亚伯拉罕的一生都是为了要成就这些应许，故此他临终前的说话也表示出他的关心，认为这也是在他去世后家庭的首要任务。他使他的仆人向他起誓要为艾萨克寻找一个妻子，假如那无数的后裔之应许要实现，仆人的誓便是先决的条件了。她不能够来自迦南人中间，她必须是来自亚伯拉罕的亲族，并且像亚伯拉罕一样愿意居住在迦南（二十四 5-9 ）。　

　　这仆人是忠心的模范，而且具备说服力，他用言语和行为将他主人所关心的事情表达出来。他的说话获得接纳，并且说服利百加的家人愿意将她嫁给他们不认识的艾萨克为妻（二十四 34-39 ）。到第二天，他们想多作挽留，劝他们不用立刻起程时，仆人婉拒并坚决要离开（二十四 54-58 ）。除了那些厚礼以外，仆人是一个祈祷的人，他依靠神而不是谋求机会，或是靠自己的能力。当他到达水井的时候，他祷告说：「耶和华啊 …… 使我今日遇见好机会。」就这样正如往常一样，他的祈祷迅速（他的祷告还未完毕）得到应允，结果也甚为完美（「彼土利的女儿 …… 容貌极其俊美」），远超过他所期望的（参赛六十五 24 ；弗三 20 ）。　

　　利百加不单是超过那仆人所期望的，她被描绘成艾萨克理想的妻子（参箴三十一 10-30 ）：精力充沛（跑去打水给 10 只骆驼喝── 20 节）、慷慨好客（诚恳地欢迎那仆人到她的家── 28 节），她更是一个有信心的女子（像亚伯拉罕一样，愿意离开家乡和家人到那应许之地── 57 节；参太十九 29 ）。　

　　第 10 节「米所波大米」原文是「亚兰拿哈林」（ Aram

　　　　　　Naharaim ），是在今日叙利亚的北方、幼发拉底河以东的地区。「拿鹤的城」大概是哈兰（参十一 31 ）或是邻近的城。　

　　第 15 节更详尽的家谱，可参二十二章 20 至 24 节。　

　　第 53 节这些送给家庭的礼物，在其它地方称为聘礼（修订标准译本，出二十二 16-17 ），是用来成交聘约的。　