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旧约 - 约伯记(Job)第4章

Then Eliphaz the Temanite replied:
"If someone ventures a word with you, will you be impatient? But who can keep from speaking?
Think how you have instructed many, how you have strengthened feeble hands.
Your words have supported those who stumbled; you have strengthened faltering knees.
But now trouble comes to you, and you are discouraged; it strikes you, and you are dismayed.
Should not your piety be your confidence and your blameless ways your hope?
"Consider now: Who, being innocent, has ever perished? Where were the upright ever destroyed?
As I have observed, those who plow evil and those who sow trouble reap it.
At the breath of God they are destroyed; at the blast of his anger they perish.
The lions may roar and growl, yet the teeth of the great lions are broken.
The lion perishes for lack of prey, and the cubs of the lioness are scattered.
"A word was secretly brought to me, my ears caught a whisper of it.
Amid disquieting dreams in the night, when deep sleep falls on men,
fear and trembling seized me and made all my bones shake.
A spirit glided past my face, and the hair on my body stood on end.
It stopped, but I could not tell what it was. A form stood before my eyes, and I heard a hushed voice:
'Can a mortal be more righteous than God? Can a man be more pure than his Maker?
If God places no trust in his servants, if he charges his angels with error,
how much more those who live in houses of clay, whose foundations are in the dust, who are crushed more readily than a moth!
Between dawn and dusk they are broken to pieces; unnoticed, they perish forever.
Are not the cords of their tent pulled up, so that they die without wisdom?'
约伯记第四章   第 4 章 

  伯 4-5 章 > 所有的苦难都是人犯罪的结果吗? 

  4-5 章 以利法声称他有来自神启示的秘密知识( 4:12-16 ),以及丰富的个人体验( 4:8 )。他提出,苦难是犯罪的直接后果,如果约伯认罪,他的苦难便会中止。以利法把苦难看成是神的惩罚,而这惩罚是有益的,因为它可以把人带回到神那里。以利法的观点可能是对的(参加 6:7-8 ),却不适用于约伯的身上。虽然以利法有许多真切有益的建议,但他作了三个错误的推断:( 1 )清白的好人不会受苦;( 2 )那些受苦的人是为他们过去的罪受罚;( 3 )约伯因为做了在神眼中看为错的事而受苦。有关以利法,请参 27 章的附表。提幔是以东的一个贸易城市,此地以智慧闻名(参耶 49:7 )。 

  伯 4:7-8> 好人必亨通,恶人必灭亡,以利法的立论是否正确? 

  4:7-8 以利法所说的有些是对的,有些是错的。那些犯罪惹事的人最终将受到惩罚是不错的,但清白的好人会免受苦难就不对了。 

  圣经中记载和引用的资料都出于神的选择。但有些记载只是叙述人说过的话或做过的事,并不是要人去仿效。圣经中提及的罪恶、失败、邪恶的思想和对神错误的观念都是神圣经话语中的一部分。但我们不要因为它们是圣经中的记载,便去遵循那些错误的例子。圣经给我们教导和学习的榜样,教我们知道哪些是该做及不该做的事情。以利法的言论便是我们要努力避免的,因他只凭个人经验对别人妄下推断。 

  伯 4:12-13> 在神的真理中加入自己的见解时需小心…… 

  4:12-13 以利法虽然声称他的异象来自属天的启示,但这很值得怀疑,因为后来神批评以利法误解了祂( 42:7 )。不管这异象来自何方,在 4 章 17 节中已作了总结。表面上,这句话完全正确:一个人无法与神相比,也不应该试图询问神的动机和行为。然而以利法持着这个观点,在后面加以发挥,加入了自己的见解。他的结论( 5:6-7 )表明他对约伯的痛苦理解得很肤浅。这种情况也很容易发生在教师、辅导员和好心的朋友身上,他们的话以部分神的真理开头,然后却偏离了。我们不应以个人的观点及片面的生活经验去理解、限制神的作为。 

  伯 4:18-19> 主的臣仆、使者就是天使了?怎么…… 

  4:18-19 天使是愚昧的吗?我们要记住这是以利法的话而不是神的话。我们要小心地考查以利法的意见,来建立我们对属灵世界的认识。再者,愚昧一词的原文只在这里出现过,它的意思并不明确。我们可理解为这里是指堕落了的天使,来维护以利法的话的可信度。这一段经文并不是要论述天使,以利法说的是罪人远在神和天使之下。不过他并不理解神降苦难的更深远的目的。 

  朋友的劝告──《灵修版圣经注释》